Field evaluation of a community scale solar powered water purification technology: A case study of a remote Mexican community application

Elasaad, Huda; Bilton, Amy M.; Kelley, Leah C.; Duayhe, Omar; Dubowsky, Steven

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2015.08.001

Cited by 51 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Other studies concentrated on costefficient POU water treatment techniques. BSF with plastic housing was found to be as efficient as its concrete counterparts (Fabiszewski de Aceituno et al, 2012) and various researchers reported the success of locally produced, low-cost CWF Simonis and Basson, 2011;Mwabi et al, 2013). Recent reviews of reduction of diarrhoea by different POU interventions found filtration techniques superior to solar or chemical water disinfection (Wolf et al, 2014;Clasen et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first projects in developing nations installed them as small-scale systems supplying purified drinking water to entire villages or small communities. Modern stations can run on solar power and contain storage tanks for periods of unfavourable sunlight conditions (Sima and Elimelech, 2013;Elasaad et al, 2015). However, the treated water must still be transported and stored in households after treatment, which leads to a risk of recontamination (Gundry et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do low-cost ceramic water filters improve water security in rural South Africa?

Lange

Materne

Grüner

2016

Drink. Water Eng. Sci.

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Abstract. This study examined the performance of a low-cost ceramic candle filter system (CCFS) for point of use (POU) drinking water treatment in the village of Hobeni, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. CCFSs were distributed in Hobeni and a survey was carried out among their users. The performance of 51 CCFSs was evaluated by dip slides and related to human factors. Already after two-thirds of their specified lifetime, none of the distributed CCFSs produced water without distinct contamination, and more than one-third even deteriorated in hygienic water quality. Besides the water source (springs were preferable compared to river or rain water), a high water throughput was the dominant reason for poor CCFS performance. A stepwise laboratory test documented the negative effects of repeated loading and ambient field temperatures. These findings suggest that not every CCFS type per se guarantees improved drinking water security and that the efficiency of lowcost systems should continuously be monitored. For this purpose, dip slides were found to be a cost-efficient alternative to standard laboratory tests. They consistently underestimated microbial counts but can be used by laypersons and hence by the users themselves to assess critical contamination of their filter systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do low-cost ceramic water filters improve water security in rural South Africa?

Lange

Materne

Grüner

2016

Drink. Water Eng. Sci.

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“…However, this value should be lower depending on the purpose of water use. In a pilot plant of RO desalination with production of 1m 3 /day in a remote Mexican community, the total hardness for desalinated water was 1.0 mg/L [23]. Depending on the interaction of other factors, such as pH and alkalinity, water with a hardness above approximately 200 mg/L may cause scale deposition in the treatment plants, distribution system, pipelines, and tanks within buildings [20].…”

Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing drinking water salinity due to sea water intrusion in Praia de Leste, Parana, by a brackish water desalination pilot plant

Wiecheteck¹,

Campos²,

Carranza³

et al. 2019

Desalination and Water Treatment

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Seawater intrusion into the Pombas river, source of freshwater to Praia de Leste on the coast of Parana in Brazil presents a problem to the water utility as most water treatment plants in Brazil are conventional. To find a solution to this problem, a pilot plant (1m 3 /h) consisting of ultrafiltration (UF) followed by reverse osmosis (RO) was developed and evaluated. For testing, brackish water was produced with a concentration of 1,500 ± 100 mg/L of total dissolved solids (TDS), mixing seawater and fresh water. To evaluate the water quality, TDS, electrical conductivity, pH, temperature, apparent color, turbidity, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, chloride and sulfate were monitored. For operational performance, flowrates, osmotic pressure, filtration rate, recovery rate and mass balance were analyzed. On average, the UF system removed 96.4% of turbidity and 98.6% of apparent color; whereas the RO system removed 99.4% of TDS. The overall average recovery (UF and RO) was 45.81% with average osmotic pressure of 8.21 bar, filtration rate of 30.7 L/h/m 2 in the UF system and 21.7 L/h/m 2 in the RO system. From a water quality point of view, the system was effective in processing brackish into fresh water of high quality.

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“…The cholera epidemics quickly ended and the initiative was awarded the Energy Globe Award in 2015 . Similarly, in the remote village of La Mancalona, in Mexico, plentiful clean water is now available for the 450 residents thanks to a solar‐powered reverse osmosis water purification system in which two PV modules (connected to batteries) power a set of pumps that push both brackish well water and collected rainwater through porous membranes that filter and purify the water prior to a final disinfection step with UV light …”

Section: Toward Decentralized Water and Energy Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24] Similarly, in the remote village of La Mancalona, in Mexico, plentiful clean water is now available for the 450 residents thanks to a solar-powered reverse osmosis water purification system in which two PV modules (connected to batteries) power a set of pumps that push both brackish well water and collected rainwater through porous membranes that filter and purify the water prior to a final disinfection step with UV light. [25] Potable water in this Yucatán forest village, prior to the installation of this broadened distributed generation system, was scarce. Now, along with health benefits, the system produces on average about 1000 L of clean water per day.…”

Section: Rosaria Ciriminna Is a Chemistry And Sustainability Scholar mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding the Distributed Generation Concept: Toward Decentralized Energy and Water Supply

Ciriminna

Pecoraino²,

Meneguzzo

et al. 2018

Global Challenges

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Rainwater harvesting decentralizes the water supply in full analogy to what building‐integrated photovoltaics and solar thermal do for electricity and heat. In this new decentralized generation scenario, the built environment is used to collect both sunlight photons and water molecules with significant economic and environmental benefits. Referring to recent progress and to real‐life findings from around the world, this work provides an answer to several relevant questions of direct interest to policy makers and early adopters of broadened distributed generation. The conclusions offer guidelines for developing a successful distributed generation strategy at the regional level by unifying solar energy and water management policies.

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Field evaluation of a community scale solar powered water purification technology: A case study of a remote Mexican community application

Cited by 51 publications

References 17 publications

Do low-cost ceramic water filters improve water security in rural South Africa?

Do low-cost ceramic water filters improve water security in rural South Africa?

Addressing drinking water salinity due to sea water intrusion in Praia de Leste, Parana, by a brackish water desalination pilot plant

Expanding the Distributed Generation Concept: Toward Decentralized Energy and Water Supply

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