Field Evaluation of Furrow Infiltration and Advance Functions

Elliott, Ronald L.; Walker, Wynn R.

doi:10.13031/2013.33542

Cited by 184 publications

(145 citation statements)

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“…Kostiakov-Lewis infiltration functions in the form: I = kt a + f o t where I is the cumulative infiltration, a and k are fitted parameters, f o is the final infiltration rate, and t is the infiltration opportunity time, were calculated for each irrigation using the irrigation advance data and the two-point method (Elliott and Walker, 1982). The final, or basic, infiltration rate was calculated as the difference between the furrow inflow and outflow rates (Walker and Skogerboe, 1987) measured after the outflow had reached a steady state.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of water quality on soil structure and infiltration under furrow irrigation

et al. 2004

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The quality of irrigation water has the potential to significantly affect soil structural properties, infiltration and irrigation application efficiency. While the effect of electrolyte concentration (as indicated by the electrical conductivity EC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) have been studied under laboratory conditions, the effect on soil profile structural properties and irrigation performance have not been widely investigated under field conditions. In this paper, water with three different levels of sodium (SAR = 0.9, 10 & 30) was applied as alternative treatments to a clay loam soil. The application of 238-261 mm of medium to high SAR water was found to reduce aggregate stability, increase the bulk density of both the surface crust and underlying soil, and reduce the total depth of infiltration and final infiltration rate.Where low SAR water was used, there was no significant (P<0.05) difference in final infiltration rate after the first four irrigations. However, where moderate and high SAR water was applied after the first four irrigations with the low EC-SAR water, the final infiltration rate was found to decrease on each of the successive irrigation events.For the moderate and high SAR treatments, this suggests that a steady-state equilibrium had not been reached within that part of the soil profile impeding infiltration. It is proposed that the initial reduction in infiltration is related to the physical processes of slaking leading to the development of an apedal, hardsetting surface soil layer. Similarly, it is proposed that the subsequent increase in bulk 3 density and decline in infiltration where moderate and high EC-SAR water is applied is due to an increase in clay tactoid swelling reducing the size of the conducting micro-pores, dispersion blocking pores, and/or an increase in the thickness of the apedal surface layer. The reduction in infiltration associated with the use of high SAR irrigation water was found to reduce the performance of the irrigations with the application efficiency of the final irrigation decreasing from 40% where the low SAR water was used, to 21% where the high SAR water was applied. The implications for surface irrigating with water containing high sodium levels are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of water quality on soil structure and infiltration under furrow irrigation

et al. 2004

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“…Where (I) is the cumulative infiltration, a and k are fitted parameters, (o f ) is the final infiltration rate, and (t) is the infiltration opportunity time, were calculated for each irrigation using the modified two-point method Elliott (1982) . Cumulative infiltration volumes were calculated at 5 minute intervals for each infiltration run and averaged to provide data for determination of average infiltration function.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurements were taken just before irrigation and three days after irrigation following the method suggested by Elliott (1982) and Walker , (1990). A profile-meter for determining the cross-sections of furrows was used, which consisted of a series of 19 movable iron rods, 30 cm long and mounted at 5 cm intervals.…”

Section: = (Q In -Q Out ) / L--------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Muskingum- Cunge routing model for design of furrow irrigation

Mohamed¹,

Abass²,

Elabdin³

et al. 2010

ABJNA

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Surface irrigation projects which accounts for almost all of the irrigated land areas of the world has been studied extensively by many investigators and their performance was found to be lower than expected. Many of these projects are built and operated without adequate technical input, with consequent low uniformity and efficiency of water application. However, irrigators are still faced with significant challenges in making both design and operation of surface irrigation systems more efficient. In this study a mathematical design approach for furrow irrigation was developed as spreadsheet model to simulate all hydraulic phases of water movement as aid to design and to evaluate the performance of furrow irrigation. The irrigation model simulates the hydraulics of furrow irrigation at the field scale. The principle role of the model is the evaluation of alternative field layouts (field length and slope) and management practices (water application rates and cut-off times). Input data requirements for the simulation component include field length, slope, infiltration characteristics (or advance data), target application depth, water application rate, Manning's resistance and furrow geometry. A series of simple relations were presented for estimating the advance, recession, and performance of surface irrigation systems. The approach uses continuity to compute the advance time to field end and half the distance to field end. The irrigation methods differ slightly in how the surface volume is computed. Initially a surface shape factor is used to compute storage volume during advance phase; however, estimation of this storage volume was corrected during storage, depletion and recession phases by utilizing Muskingum-Cunge routing method. The subsurface volume calculations use a modified Kostiakov equation that includes both an initial sink term and a constant final infiltration rate. Recession calculations differ for each method. With sloping methods, adjustments to a straight line recession curve make recession estimates more reasonable. It is shown that the procedure can produce reasonable predictions of design performance over a range of conditions. Model verification was made by its comparison with FAO-surface-model, and zero-inertia model using data from furrow fields of Kenana Sugar Scheme-Sudan.

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“…Two such methods in common use are the two-point method (Elliott and Walker, 1982) and the INFILT optimisation (McClymont and Smith, 1996). Both approaches are based on the simple yet robust combination of the modified Kostiakov equation and the volume balance model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infiltration parameters from surface irrigation advance and run-off data

Gillies

Smith

2005

Irrig Sci

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A computer model was developed to employ runoff data in the calculation of the infiltration parameters of the modified Kostiakov equation. The model (IPARM) uses a simple volume balance approach to estimate the parameters from commonly collected field data. Several data sets have been used to verify the procedure. Infiltration parameters were calculated using both advance and runoff data combined and advance data alone. Simulations of each example using SIRMOD were compared to the measured data to identify the possible benefits of the procedure. The inclusion of runoff did not compromise the ability to reproduce the advance curve however the simulations are more capable of reproducing the measured runoff rates and volumes and therefore offer better estimations of the total volume applied to the soil (in one case a reduction in error of the total infiltration from 22% to 1%). This procedure will be of most benefit where the infiltration parameters are expected to represent soil hydraulic characteristics for times greater than the completion of the advance phase. Further analysis has shown that the infiltration parameters are more sensitive to runoff than the advance highlighting the requirement for accurate field measurement and a weighting factor between the advance and runoff errors.

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Field Evaluation of Furrow Infiltration and Advance Functions

Cited by 184 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of water quality on soil structure and infiltration under furrow irrigation

Effect of water quality on soil structure and infiltration under furrow irrigation

Development of a Muskingum- Cunge routing model for design of furrow irrigation

Infiltration parameters from surface irrigation advance and run-off data

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