Field, Laboratory, and Modeling Studies on the Degradation and Transport of Aldicarb Residues in Soil and Ground Water

Rl, Jones

doi:10.1021/bk-1986-0315.ch011

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The half-life estimates obtained from the soil residue data for the applications of aldicarb and aldoxycarb made at these sites ranged from 0.2 to 2.1 months (Table 4) and are typical of the values reported for all unsaturated zone field studies conducted using aldicarb and aldoxycarb [13], although half-lives of up to 3.3 months have been measured in cold, acidic soils. Soil residue data were also used to determine the maximum leaching depth (defined herein as the lowest depth at which the average residue concentration exceeded 5 ppb).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Unsaturated Zone Studies of the Degradation and Movement of Aldicarb and Aldoxycarb Residues

Jones

Hansen

Romine

et al. 1986

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Unsaturated zone studies to measure the movement and degradation of aldicarb and aldoxycarb residues were conducted in 1983 at seven locations: Maricopa, Arizona; Harrellsville, North Carolina; Blackstone, Virginia; Blissfield, Michigan; Bluecast, Indiana; Pasco, Washington; and Fort Pierce, Florida. The Blissfield and Bluecast studies also included monitoring of tile‐drain water and the Fort Pierce test included shallow ground water analyses. These research studies indicate that aldicarb or aldoxycarb residues will not enter drinking water supplies under agricultural conditions similar to those encountered in these seven field studies. Most, if not all, of the residues will degrade in the unsaturated zone at a rate corresponding to half‐lives of between 0.5 and 2.0 months. The field studies also demonstrate that aldicarb and aldoxycarb residues degrade at about the same rate.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Unsaturated Zone Studies of the Degradation and Movement of Aldicarb and Aldoxycarb Residues

Jones

Hansen

Romine

et al. 1986

Environ Toxicol Chem

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“…Other studies in Wisconsin and New York con-*To whom correspondence may be addressed ducted concurrently with the Maine study described in this article also show that delaying the application time to June reduces leaching of aldicarb residues in Wisconsin and the northeastern United States [2].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…These half-life estimates for aldicarb residues are 100 d for the atplanting application and 85 d for the emergence data. These estimates are not very precise because of difficulty in obtaining representative samples in the stony soil and d o not consider any residues that may have leached below 1.5 m. The data d o show that degradation is slower in these cooler soils than in the 0.5-to 2.0-month range of halflives measured in other locations in the United States [2] (including a half-life of 1 month for central New York and 1 to 2 months for central Wisconsin). The residues for the emergence application were generally nearer the surface than were residues from the at-planting application.…”

Section: Residuesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The relatively rapid drop in the residue amounts from the at-planting treatment for the first three sampling intervals, and the relatively stable residue levels during the same period for the emergence application, followed by a large drop in residue levels from both treatments during the last two sampling intervals, does not seem to be supportive of first-order kinetics. However, first-order kinetics cannot be ruled out, considering the effects of lateral dispersion, soil variability and problems associated with sampling granular pesticides (residues in samples collected within 30 d of application are often lower than residues in samples collected at a later time (Jones et al., manu-script in preparation) [1,2]). It should also be noted that the last sampling interval was considerably longer than the other sampling intervals.…”

Section: Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of application methods on movement and degradation of aldicarb residues in Maine potato fields

Jones

Hansen

Rourke

1986

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The effect of application methods on movement and degradation of aldicarb residues was studied in a typically stony, Maine potato field by comparing aldicarb applied in‐furrow at planting with aldicarb top‐dressed at emergence. At the end of the growing season, residues from the at‐planting application were found primarily in the top 0.6 m of soil and the residues from the emergence application were found primarily in the top 0.3 m. One year later, the residues were dispersed throughout the top 1.5 m of soil and had been reduced to about 5% of the original application. This study supports other work that has demonstrated that in the northeastern United States and Wisconsin, early aldicarb at‐planting applications generally result in greater aldicarb residue movement than do later emergence applications. The study is also useful in illustrating variability of soil samples, which exhibited an average coefficient of variation of 110%. The results indicate that little information is lost due to compositing samples, so that compositing samples appears to be an option for reducing analytical costs associated with soil studies.

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“…Cependant, les conditions physiques et hydrodynamiques du milieu poreux tendent à stratifier l'écoulement, et de ce fait à limiter la dispersion verticale. Des études expérimentales (JONES, 1985) ont en effet montré que dans le cas du pesticide aldicarbe la migration de ses résidus ne dépasse pas une profondeur de 3 à 6 m, du fait de l'écoulement à prédomi-nance horizontale et de la dégradation du composé.…”

Section: Modélisation En Zone Saturéeunclassified

Délimitation des périmètres de protection des puits de pompage en zone agricole à l'aide de la simulation mathématique

Banton¹,

Lafrance²,

Villeneuve³

2005

rseau

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Un périmètre de protection de puits de pompage est la surface entourant le puits, dans laquelle des mesures sont prises pour empêcher des contaminants de migrer et de contaminer l'eau de ce puits. Dans l'établissement des périmètres de protection, de nombreux facteurs doivent être considérés, et une approche analytique systématique doit être adoptée. Les modèles mathématiques de simulation peuvent être employés en ce sens et sont souvent les seules méthodes capables de déterminer les périmètres de protection quand des critères quantitatifs sont utilisés. Une telle approche a été appliquée, en couplant un modèle de transport de contaminant en zone non saturée avec un modèle de transport en zone saturée. Le modèle en zone non saturée VULPEST évalue les concentrations de pesticide atteignant la nappe. Ces concentrations sont ensuite utilisées comme données d'entrée du modèle en zone saturée. Ce dernier considère les vitesses d'écoulement et l'influence de chaque puits. Les résultats quantitatifs permettent alors la détermination de périmètres de protection spécifiques à chaque contaminant potentiel. Cette application, réalisée sur un important site de culture de la pomme de terre du Québec, e permis de comparer favorablement les concentrations prédites à celles mesurées dans l'eau d'un puits, et de déterminer le périmètre de protection spécifique au pesticide utilisé. Le cas présenté est un exemple des applications possibles et futures d'une telle méthode pour la détermination des périmètres de protection des puits de pompage.A wellhead protection area is the surface and subsurface area surrounding a waterwell through which contaminants are reasonably likely to move toward and reach. In the past, various approaches have been taken to delineate wellhead protection areas : fixed circles or rings around the well; simplified variable shapes based on geo-hydrologic mapping and classification ; zones with prescribed minimum travel times. However, in establishing wellhead protection areas, many factors need to be considered : zone of influence around the well; well recharge area; flow paths; transport velocities; travel times; sources and types of contamination. To determine a site-specific wellhead protection area, a systematic analytic approach must be taken. Mathematical simulation models may be employed and are often the only method capable to determine the wellhead protection area when quantitative criteria are used.Such an approach can be used in agricultural zones, where pesticides are applied, by coupling a solute transport modal for the unsaturated zone with a saturated zone transport model. The (unsaturated zone) VULPEST model is an evaluation tool for the groundwater contamination by pesticides based on the transport modeling. Developed as a management tool, it permits the evaluation of the groundwater vulnerability to pesticides in terme of risk of contamination. It evaluates the concentrations of pesticide that reach the water table, taking into account the spatial variability of hydrodynamic, physical and phy...

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Field, Laboratory, and Modeling Studies on the Degradation and Transport of Aldicarb Residues in Soil and Ground Water

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Unsaturated Zone Studies of the Degradation and Movement of Aldicarb and Aldoxycarb Residues

Unsaturated Zone Studies of the Degradation and Movement of Aldicarb and Aldoxycarb Residues

Effect of application methods on movement and degradation of aldicarb residues in Maine potato fields

Délimitation des périmètres de protection des puits de pompage en zone agricole à l'aide de la simulation mathématique

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