“…Several literatures point out the vulnerability of the farming sector, particularly the smallholder farmers to climate change impacts in Southeast Asia (Lasco et al, 2011;Evangelista et al, 2015;Landicho et al, 2016;Morton, 2007). Among these impacts include increased use of farm inputs, decline in crop yield, decline in farm income (Landicho et al, 2015;Tolentino & Landicho, 2013), and food insecurity after extreme weather events (Harvey et al, 2018).…”