Field measurements and modeling of dilution in the wake of a US navy frigate

Katz, Charles N.; Chadwick, D. B.; Rohr, Jim; Hyman, Mark; Ondercin, Daniel G.

doi:10.1016/s0025-326x(03)00117-6

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The overall conclusion from this study of the dispersion and mixing of dye by a propeller is that mixing is rapid, giving a maximum reduction in maximum Gaussian concentration by a factor of about 7 × 10 −5 after 50D p . This is similar to the average result of 10 −5 obtained by Katz et al [18] behind a naval vessel. The results from an actual vessel as opposed to an experimental model will be different because the incoming velocity to the propeller will be variable along the wake effects.…”

Section: Dilution Estimation For Actual Outboard Motorsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Plume width seems to depend on the source condition, whereas the maximum mean Gaussian concentration seems dependent more on velocity than on source conditions, in a similar fashion to mean Gaussian velocity. This decay slope of −0.63 is similar to the value of −0.61 obtained by Katz et al [18], and −0.552 by Chou [21] for the far wake stage.…”

Section: Maximum Velocity and Concentration Decaysupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Katz et al [18] quantified the dispersion of a scalar by measuring floating waste in he wake of a navy frigate; they measured the wake growth and the dilution of fluorescein dye at 5 and 15 ship lengths behind the vessel at 8 and 15 knots for each position. Hyman et al [19] made similar measurements in the wake of an aircraft carrier at 10 ship lengths and 20 knots and proposed some simple equations to describe the dilution trend downstream of the vessel.…”

Section: Nearmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental study of the concentration field of discharge from a boat propeller

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Engines in boats and ships using total loss lubrication deposit a significant proportion of their lubricant and fuel directly into the water. Their impact on the Australian coastline and marine ecosystems is of great concern. The purpose of this study was to document the velocity and concentration field characteristics of a submerged swirling water jet emanating from a propeller in order to provide information on its fundamental characteristics. The properties of the jet were examined far enough downstream to be relevant to the eventual modelling of the mixing problem. Measurements of the velocity and concentration field were performed in a turbulent jet generated by a model boat propeller (0.02 m diameter) within a 0.4 m-wide and 0.15 m-deep flume, operating at 1,500 and 3,000 rpm in a weak co-flow of 0.04 m/s. The measurements were carried out in the Zone of Established Flow up to 50 propeller diameters downstream of the propeller. Results pertaining to radial distribution, self-similarity, standard deviation growth, maximum value decay and integral fluxes of velocity and concentration fitted with empirical correlations. Furthermore, propeller-induced mixing and pollutant source concentration from a two-stroke engine were estimated.

show abstract

Section: Dilution Estimation For Actual Outboard Motorsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Maximum Velocity and Concentration Decaysupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Nearmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental study of the concentration field of discharge from a boat propeller

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…should be adjusted to fit with different datasets. For example, Ball and Reynolds found that the dispersion constant was in the range of 0.4 to 1.6, which is in agreement with the value of 0.61 found by Katz et al, (2003). Lewis (1985) proposed a theoretical model relating the dispersion of the effluent field to the turbulence intensity, and formulated two equations, for the intermediate stage and the long-term stage respectively.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…It suggested that the dilution ratio in the wake of a ship is proportional to t 0.4 , where t is time after discharge. The full-scale measurement of waste dilution has been tested with various types of ships: a moving barge (Ball and Reynolds, 1976), a US Navy frigate (Katz et al, 2003), and an aircraft carrier (Hyman et al, 1995). The results from these experiments showed that the dispersion constant, which is the exponent of time t,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing and dispersion of pollutants emitted from an outboard motor

Situ

Brown

2013

Marine Pollution Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper quantifies the mixing and dispersion from an outboard motor by field experiments in a small subtropical waterway. Organic dye was used as a surrogate for exhaust emissions and was mixed with uncontaminated creek water before being dispersed into the creek. Dye concentrations were measured with an array of concentration probes stationed in the creek. The data were then processed and fitted with a power law function. The corresponding dispersion constants agreed well with the literature. However, the amplitude was lower than the IMO equation but higher than the correlation from laboratory tests. Results for dye concentration intermittency (presence of dye) are presented for the first time from such field measurements and show significant mixing in-homogeneity.

show abstract