Field Pennycress (<i>Thlaspi arvense</i>L.)—The Stinkweed

Mitich, Larry W.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00040604

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…arvense is a popular food plant in various parts of the world and is often cultivated in Europe (Mitich 1996). Young tender shoots are used raw in salads or cooked like spinach; and seeds and fruits have been used to flavor other foods.…”

Section: Safflowermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Young tender shoots are used raw in salads or cooked like spinach; and seeds and fruits have been used to flavor other foods. The plant is high in vitamins C and G, and the large amount of sulfur in its proteins is considered helpful for protein digestion (Mitich 1996). In China, seeds of T. arvense are used to treat eye diseases and as a tonic and in Spain seeds are used as a stimulant and astringent (Al-Shehbaz 1986).…”

Section: Safflowermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…arvense was introduced to North America from Eurasia. The history of its introduction into Canada and the northern United States is summarized in Best and McIntyre (1975) and more recently in Mitich (1996).…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The biology of Canadian weeds. 9. Thlaspi arvense L. (updated)

Warwick¹,

Francis²,

Susko³

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. An updated review of biological information is provided for Thlaspi arvense. Native to Eurasia, the species is naturalized and widely spread in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, including all of Canada's provinces and territories, and has recently spread to temperate regions in the southern hemisphere. It is an annual pioneer of disturbed soils and is an important weed of grain, oilseed, and forage crops in Canada, particularly in the prairies. High levels of erucic acid and glucosinolates can contaminate canola. When present in hay or other fodder, its seeds or leaves can be toxic to animals, as well as contaminate milk and meat with unpleasant flavors. It can serve as a host for insect, nematode, fungal and viral pests of canola and mustard crops. A persistent seed bank, high fecundity, and the growth habit of a hardy winter annual with early-(EF) and lateflowering (LF) strains, all contribute to its ability to compete with crops. Effective herbicides include the sulfonylureas, chlorsulfuron and ethametsulphuron, MCPA, tribenuronmethyl, phenocyacetic acid, flurtamone, 2,4-D, 2,4-D + dicamba, and 2,4-D + picloram. A resistant biotype to Group 2 herbicides, which inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS), has been found at two to five sites in Alberta in 2001. The potential of T. arvense as an industrial oilseed crop is being investigated.

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Section: Safflowermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Safflowermentioning

confidence: 99%

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The biology of Canadian weeds. 9. Thlaspi arvense L. (updated)

Warwick¹,

Francis²,

Susko³

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…It is widely distributed throughout the U.S. and in all provinces of Canada, as well as being found in Europe, northern Africa, western Asia, Siberia and Japan (Mitich 1996). It has been reported that T. arvense can survive winters on the Canadian Prairies and in Alaska with temperatures reaching lows of -30°C (Best and Mcintyre 1975;Klebesadel 1969).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genome organization reveals a single copy of CBF in the freezing tolerant crucifer Thlaspi arvense

et al. 2007

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The weedy crucifer species Thlaspi arvense has the ability to acclimate to lower temperatures than Arabidopsis thaliana and the related crop species, Brassica napus. As a step towards understanding the genetic basis for this enhanced low temperature response, we isolated and sequenced 8.7 kb of genomic DNA encompassing the T. arvense CBF locus. CBF is a transcription factor believed to play a pivotal role in the development of plant freezing tolerance. Sequence analysis revealed that T. arvense contains a single copy of CBF, whereas the co-linear, homologous region in A. thaliana contains three tandem copies. Genes that flank CBF in A. thaliana are also present in a co-linear arrangement in T. arvense. Comparative sequence alignment also revealed the presence of conserved sequence blocks between T. arvense and A. thaliana promoter regions. The expression of T. arvense CBF responds rapidly to low temperature but not demonstrably to ABA, dehydration or high salt, which is comparable to that of the A. thaliana CBF genes. Over-expression of Ta-CBF in transgenic A. thaliana resulted in the development of constitutive freezing tolerance, comparable to that of cold acclimated A. thaliana.

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“…Pennycress is an annual or winter annual plant native to Eurasia (Mitich, ), growing up to 80 cm in height and having simple or branched stalks with glabrous leaves and stalked, ephemeral basal leaves. It overwinters as a vegetative rosette (Best & McIntyre, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pennycress double-cropping does not negatively impact spider diversity

2014

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1 Pennycress has been suggested as an alternative feedstock for bioenergy. Especially, its cultivation in a double-cropping system with corn appears to be promising for a sustainable production. 2 As an aspect of its sustainability, we studied the effect of a pennycress-corn double-cropping system on spider diversity. We used a randomized block design with 60 pitfall traps to compare the system's spider diversity with that of three commonly applied corn rotations: mustard-corn, green fallow-corn and bare fallow-corn. We sampled from 13 March to 26 June 2012, which included the corresponding cultivation changes to corn. 3 The pennycress-corn system harboured a higher spider species richness and diversity (Shannon index) than the other three systems, driven by web-building spiders. Abundance only differed between the pennycress-and bare fallow-corn system. However, separated into foraging guilds, hunting spiders were most abundant in the mustard-corn system, whereas web-building spiders were more abundant in the pennycress-corn than in the mustard-and bare fallow-corn system. 4 The results obtained in the present study suggest that cultivation of pennycress as a biofuel feedstock in a double-cropping system has positive (and not negative) effects on the spider diversity compared with other commonly used cultivation systems.

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Field Pennycress (Thlaspi arvenseL.)—The Stinkweed

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

The biology of Canadian weeds. 9. Thlaspi arvense L. (updated)

The biology of Canadian weeds. 9. Thlaspi arvense L. (updated)

Comparative genome organization reveals a single copy of CBF in the freezing tolerant crucifer Thlaspi arvense

Pennycress double-cropping does not negatively impact spider diversity

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