“…Although design targets and performance standards for CSLs vary, typically, the goal is a saturated hydraulic conductivity of less than 1x10 -7 cm/s. Multiple lines of evidence, including EPA and DOE field studies, laboratory studies, and monitoring data, show that many existing CSLs fall short of the low-hydraulic conductivity targets, often at the time of or shortly after construction, and sometimes by several orders of magnitude (Daniel 1994, Melchoir 1997, Benson et al 1999a, Benson 1999, Benson 2001, Albrecht and Benson 2001, Albright et al 2004. Several reasons are cited:…”