Field studies of manganese deposition and release in drinking water distribution systems: Insight into deposit control

Li, Guiwei; Ma, Xu; Chen, Ruya; Yu, Ying; Tao, Hui; Shi, Baoyou

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.114897

Cited by 75 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Entry point sampling likely represents a lower bound for exposure, due to the potential for release in the distribution system. , Manganese impacts both small and large utilities, and 800 systems are clearly not enough to assess small system occurrence. Adding manganese to the monitoring list for the UCMR5 program for systems between 3001 and 10 000 population could help in estimations of national treatment costs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Manganese Occurrence in Drinking Water in the United States

Eaton

2021

ACS EST Water

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The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) requires the nationwide monitoring of drinking water for specific unregulated contaminants. In the recent (2018−2020) fourth round (UCMR 4), more than 37 000 samples from over 5000 water systems (4200 large and 800 small) were analyzed for manganese. USEPA developed (2004) a 300 μg/L health advisory limit, but both Health Canada (2020) and the World Health Organization ( 2021) have recently reevaluated the levels of health concern. UCMR 4 data indicates that over 20% of US systems (32% groundwater and 15% surface water) have entry point manganese that may exceed the recommended Health Canada and Water Research Foundation 20 μg/L aesthetic threshold and that nearly 5% (9% groundwater and 1.8% surface water) may exceed the Health Canada 120 μg/L Health Guideline. Multiple rounds of samples increase the likelihood that a given manganese level will be exceeded. Systems with high levels of manganese are widely distributed across the US, and a potential regulation could impact numerous water supplies. USEPA could sample from a smaller subset of the approximately 4000 large systems and still have a good assessment of nationwide occurrence frequencies, while the 800 small systems are inadequate to characterize the small system universe. Including manganese in the UCMR 5 program for systems serving 3001-10000 would likely greatly improve estimates of nationwide occurrence data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Manganese Occurrence in Drinking Water in the United States

Eaton

2021

ACS EST Water

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“…Previous studies recorded that Mn-related drinking water discoloration issues occurred when Mn concentration in finished water was higher than 10.0 μg/L. 4,59 The utility also received complaints about yellow water problems from the service area of WTP-SYH. Mn(II) removal failure in WTP-SYH could be attributed to the interference of organic pollution in water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Factors Affecting the Level of Dissolved Manganese in Different Raw Water and its Removal at Water Treatment Plants

Chen

et al. 2021

ACS EST Water

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Dissolved Mn concentration fluctuates a lot in source water, which presents a challenge for water treatment. It is crucial to identify the critical factors affecting the dissolved Mn level in source water and select appropriate treatment strategies for dissolved Mn removal. This study investigated four groups of water sources and water treatment plants (WTPs) and tracked Mn from water sources to WTPs. Results showed that the bottom sediments and porewater of both reservoirs and rivers all contained plentiful Mn in reductive form. However, Mn content and speciation in sediments and porewater could not explain the difference of dissolved Mn concentration in WTP raw water. Instead, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved oxygen, and pH were identified as critical factors controlling Mn transformation and dissolved Mn levels in bulk source water. Chemical oxidation with chlorine and chlorine dioxide effectively removed Mn from low-DOC water (DOC < 3.0 mg/L) but failed when applied to high-DOC water (DOC > 7.0 mg/L). Under this case, biological pretreatment showed advantages in treating Mn in high-DOC water. This study highlighted the importance of considering significant water quality parameters when predicting the Mn level in WTP influent water and choosing suitable techniques for effective Mn removal.

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“…Although utilities have effective treatment system to remove Mn from drinking water, even trace levels of Mn leaving a water treatment plant can accumulate on the distribution system and eventually released from the pipe (Brandhuber et al, 2013;Health Canada, 2019). Mn concentrations as low as 0.01 mg/L (G. Li et al, 2019) to 0.02 mg/L (Brandhuber et al, 2013;Sly et al, 1990) leaving the treatment plant can deposit on distribution system pipes. In a distribution system, deposition of Mn can occur by physical deposition, physiochemical and biofilm accumulation (Cerrato et al, 2006;Friedman et al, 2010;Ginige et al, 2011;Sly et al, 1988Sly et al, , 1990Zhou et al, 2020).…”

Section: Nature Of Mn In Treated Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations for new manganese analytical techniques for drinking water quality management

et al. 2022

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Manganese (Mn) is a contaminant of emerging concern in drinking water, as recent epidemiologic evidence suggests an association between Mn exposure in drinking water and negative neurodevelopmental effects. The nature of Mn events in distribution systems can be sporadic and difficult to predict, with conventional laboratory methods being limited in their ability to provide the flexible on-line Mn monitoring. Emerging methods such as colorimetric and electrochemical methods offer advantages for monitoring as they have potential to be less expensive, rapid, and readily deployed in the field. These emerging methods, however, face hurdles to adaptation and acceptance including demonstration of sufficient accuracy, precision, sensitivity and yet-to-be resolved issues with interfering agents. These hurdles are not insurmountable, and investment is warranted in these novel methods to address pressing needs by the water industry to protect human health. This review paper highlights the opportunities and advantages of advancing field-testing techniques for Mn management.

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Field studies of manganese deposition and release in drinking water distribution systems: Insight into deposit control

Cited by 75 publications

References 38 publications

Assessment of Manganese Occurrence in Drinking Water in the United States

Assessment of Manganese Occurrence in Drinking Water in the United States

Critical Factors Affecting the Level of Dissolved Manganese in Different Raw Water and its Removal at Water Treatment Plants

Considerations for new manganese analytical techniques for drinking water quality management

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