Field studies on leaching behaviour of a highly saline-sodic soil under two modes of water application in the presence of crops

Dahiya, I. S.; Malik, R. S.; Singh, Maharaj

doi:10.1017/s0021859600040818

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This indicates that a piston-like displacement of soil solution occurred in these plots. This behaviour has also been recorded by Smiles et al (1978Smiles et al ( ,1981, Dahiya, Singh, Richter & Singh (1984) and many others in laboratory columns, Dahiya et al (1981Dahiya et al ( , 1982 in 2 x 2 m cropped plots, and by Leffelaar & Sharma (1977), Khosla et al (1979) and Dahiya et al (1983) in small infiltrometers.…”

Section: Nature Of Displacement Of Saline Constituentssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Similar results were also obtained for bare fields of such soils in Iraq (Dieleman, 1963), Peru (Van Alphen, 1975) arid in this part of India (Leffelaar& Sharma, 1977;Khosla, Gupta & Abrol, 1979). Dahiya et al (1981Dahiya et al ( , 1982 obtained similar results for the experimental soil in cropped plots. Figure 3 further shows that in 2 x 2 m plots (S,) under IP, ESP reduction in the soil profile at 1 pore volume was (1-0-225) 100 = 77-5%.…”

Section: Nature Of Displacement Of Saline Constituentssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Dahiya & Abrol, 1974; ir.-2 Kirda, Nielsen & Biggar, 1974;Dahiya, Singh, Singh & Hajrasuliha, 1980) or in micro-plots in the fields (e.g. Miller, Biggar & Nielsen, 1965;Oster, Willardson & Hoffman, 1972;Dahiya et al 1981Dahiya et al , 1982, a significantly higher efficiency of leaching soluble salts was recorded when water was ponded intermittently rather than continuously on the soil surface. In practical situations, reclamation of soils is carried out on large plots which are manageable on farmers' fields.…”

Section: Iytrodijptfonfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Empirical places, has caused a sharp reduction in agricultural leaching curves and some leaching models have been production (Dahiya, 1977). The total area covered found adequate to predict leaching of soluble salts by salt-affected soils in the world is about 95-5 in these soils (Dahiya, Malik & Singh, 1981; million ha (Kovda & Szabolcs, 1979). About 0004 Pal & Poonia, 1982;Bresler et al 1982; Dahiya, million ha of land annually become unfit for Malik & Richter, 1983;Dahiya et al 1985).…”

Section: Iytrodijptfonfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Desodification of a salt-affected soil in plots of various sizes under two modes of water application

Dahiya¹,

Grewal

Dahiya

1987

J. Agric. Sci.

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Desodification of a highly saline-sodic, permeable, sandy loam soil was accomplished in 2x2 m (S,), 4x4 m (S s ) and 6x6 m (S 3 ) plots under continuous and intermittent ponding. The soil contained large amounts of soluble salts and exchangeable sodium throughout the profile to the water table. The chief salts were chlorides and sulphates of sodium, calcium, and magnesium. The leaching curves with respect to desodification did not differ significantly between the S,, S 2 and S 3 plots under continuous ponding but did under intermittent ponding. With intermittent ponding, the efficiency of leaching exchangeable sodium in the S, plots was very significantly higher than that in the S 2 and S 3 plots, i.e. the leaching efficiency decreased sharply with increased plot size. The leaching efficiency in the S, plots was significantly greater with intermittent than with continuous ponding, but the reverse was true in the S 2 and S 3 plots. The results further indicated that there is no need to apply an amendment such as gypsum, mainly because calcium and magnesium present in such soils are adequate to replace the initially high exchangeable sodium during leaching. The displacement of exchangeable sodium in the S x plots under intermittent ponding was nearly piston-like. With increased plot size, it tended to deviate from this behaviour. It is concluded that under practical situations in which reclamation is accomplished in large plots, the practice of leaching the saline constituents with intermittent ponding would be less effective. Thus, leaching of salts down into the soil with a single heavy irrigation would be more desirable.

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Section: Nature Of Displacement Of Saline Constituentssupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Nature Of Displacement Of Saline Constituentssupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Iytrodijptfonfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iytrodijptfonfmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Desodification of a salt-affected soil in plots of various sizes under two modes of water application

Dahiya¹,

Grewal

Dahiya

1987

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…Such a strategy should result in more efficient use of water for leaching. Several experiments have shown that leaching efficiency is, in fact, increased under intermittent flow (Oster et al, 1972;Dahiya et al, 1981;Meiri & Plaut, 1985). Miller et al (1965) observed chloride displacement in Panoche clay loam and found that intermittent ponding of the soil with 5-cm increments of water was 1.8 times more efficient in leaching the applied chloride from the profile than a single ponding with the same volume of water, and so less water was needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement of solute through a porous medium under intermittent leaching

Al-Sibai

Adey

Rose

1997

European J Soil Science

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Exckss salts may be removed from soil by leaching, but ponding water on the soil's surface and allowing infiltration requires large quantities of water. During such leaching water flows preferentially through macropores between aggregates, while the flow within aggregates is much less. Consequently, solute within aggregates is removed much more slowly, thus decreasing overall leaching efficiency. For this reason intermittent ponding can be more efficient because it allows time for solute to diffuse to the surfaces of aggregates during the rest period and subsequently be removed in macropore flow. We explored solute transport in aggregated soils under intermittent leaching in three ways: theoretically, by laboratory experiments on columns of porous ceramic spheres as analogues of aggregates, and by simulation. Solute movement during displacement is described by the mobile-immobile convectiondispersion equation. During the rest period flow ceases, and solute redistributes within the aggregates by diffusion, the key variable being the effective diffusion coefficient, D,, of the solute in the aggregates, and longitudinally by diffusion within macropores (though this was ignored in the simulation). We estimated D, for our porous spheres from observations of solute outflow into finite volumes of stirred distilled water. The theory was validated against experiments on saturated columns for different aggregatesize distributions, flow velocities, and displacement and rest periods, with most parameters estimated independently. Experiments and simulations showed that water savings of 25% were possible under our laboratory conditions, increasing as aggregate size, flow velocity and duration of rest period increased. The potential of intermittent leaching in the field is considered. Nomenclature a = sphere radius d ds q t =time v z = depth of leaching water applied = depth of soil to be leached = volumetric liquid flux density (= Darcy velocity) = average pore-water velocity (= q/@,) = space co-ordinate (positive downwards) 167 @ b B 1 =0.144721n (7). where bl has various values depending on @, Values of bl for various @ values are given in Table 1 of Rao et al. (1980a) C = solute concentration in solution C, = solute concentration in solution at equilibrium C, = solute concentration in solution between the spheres, the mobile-water region Ci, = solute concentration in solution within the spheres, Ci, = average solute concentration in solution (averaged C*im = overall average of Ci, Cinp = concentration of solution entering the column Co D, Do K, L Li Pi S So T V = outflow volume the immobile-water region over the sphere volume) within the spheres -= initial concentration of solution within the spheres = effective diffusion coefficient in porous spheres = ionic diffusion coefficient in free water = hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient for mobile = length of the porous column = imaginary length of a (semi-infinite) column = mass proportion of spheres of radius ai = amount of solute remaining in the column =initial amount of sol...

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The effect of leaching and irrigation on the growth of Atriplex semibaccata

et al. 1995

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Mining activities along the west coast of South Africa will lead to salinization of the soil if sea-water is used in the mining process. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the influence of leaching depth and the amount and frequency of irrigation on the growth of Atriplex semibaccata R. Br. Leaching depth as well as the amount and frequency of irrigation had no significant effect on biomass production. However, the interaction between leaching depth and amount of irrigation did influence the biomass production of Atriplex semibaccata. Root:shoot ratio increased as the amount of irrigation decreased.

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Field studies on leaching behaviour of a highly saline-sodic soil under two modes of water application in the presence of crops

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Desodification of a salt-affected soil in plots of various sizes under two modes of water application

Desodification of a salt-affected soil in plots of various sizes under two modes of water application

Movement of solute through a porous medium under intermittent leaching

The effect of leaching and irrigation on the growth of Atriplex semibaccata

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