Field study of disaster waste management and disposal status of debris after Gorkha Earthquake in Kathmandu, Nepal

Poudel, Raju; Hirai, Yasuhiro; Asari, Misuzu; Sakai, Shin’ichi

doi:10.1007/s10163-019-00835-3

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There is no planning for disaster waste management before the disaster in many cases, which indicates that disaster waste management has a low priority. [ 17 18 19 ] Also, the experience of developing countries reveals that the incoordination between the organizations in charge of waste leads to the repetition of efforts in terms of waste management. [ 1 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenges of strategic management of the wastage produced due to earthquake in Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar

Kazemi¹,

Mokhtari²,

Vaezi³

et al. 2022

Journal of Education and Health Promotion

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BACKGROUND: Strategic management of the wastage produced due to earthquakes has faced many challenges over the recent decade. Thus, the present study seeks to identify and explain the challenges in earthquake wastage strategic management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present qualitative study has been steered through a content analysis approach and conducted using semi-structured interviews and a purposive selection of 17 professors, experts, and managers experienced in the field of waste management in Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar earthquakes over 2020-2021. Besides, the interviews were initially categorized using MAXQDA18 software. RESULTS: Analysis of the experiences and perception regarding the changes in strategic management of wastage produced due to Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar earthquakes revealed 418 codes, 97 subcategories, 33 categories, and 8 main categories including management and leadership, organizational culture, planning, organizational learning, employee management, rules and regulations, resource management, and procedure management. CONCLUSION: Strategic waste management has not been implemented in a coherent, integrated, and well-planned manner in the cases of the Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar earthquakes. The challenges of strategic waste management turned out to be due to various reasons which will result in many issues in achieving the goals and selecting the suitable method for resource and procedure management should they not be managed well. Hence, policymakers, managers, and executors in the field of crisis management and waste management in disasters -specifically earthquakes- must take the necessary measures to remove these barriers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenges of strategic management of the wastage produced due to earthquake in Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar

Kazemi¹,

Mokhtari²,

Vaezi³

et al. 2022

Journal of Education and Health Promotion

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“…The geophysical survey process was carried out using the EarthProbe, the automatic multielectrodes, and the high-resolution system in Figure (2) [29]. The system can be configured to collect high-resolution surface and borehole DC (direct current) resistivity data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Waste disposal locations can seriously affect groundwater contamination, and therefore their sites must be precisely planned and monitored [1,2]. A total load of pollutants on the environment depends on the quality and quantity of a fluid that seeps through the disposal location and reaches groundwater [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Resistivity Method for Mining Tailings Site Selection in Karst Regions

et al. 2020

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Disposal of mining wastes (tailings) is one of the most severe issues related to groundwater contamination. Therefore, a properly selected disposal site helps to prevent the leakage of dissolved materials in the tailings to groundwater, especially in the karstic area. Where the karstic environment is one of the challenges facing groundwater environmental and engineering issues, for instance, groundwater exploration, vulnerability assessment, and hazard estimation. In this study, the resistivity method with a high-resolution surface data survey was carried out to investigate the pond location selection for mining tailings disposal at El Mochito mine site, northwest Honduras. The results of the two-dimensional (2-D) inversion for sixteen surveyed lines revealed that many low resistivity zones. These zones are related to water/clay-bearing zones that are structurally weak. From lines 8-12, the limestone underneath the surface is the most compact, and this is the best location in the survey area for tailings pond construction. The resistivity method has provided insight into the subsurface information and locating hydraulically conductive zones, so it can be useful for selecting the site of mining tailings.

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“…Let us consider our second field study of Balakot, 5 which is a small town located at a latitude of 34.550842 and longitude of 73.352957, respectively in Mansehra district of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan, as shown in Fig 2a. On October 8, 2005, a devastating earthquake of magnitude 7.6 struck northern Pakistan, almost destroying this town. 6 According to official statistics from the Pakistani government, 87,350 people were killed, 138,000 injured, and 3.5 million became homeless.…”

Section: ) Balakot Earthquake Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The key to rescue efforts is the survival time that declines sharply after 72 hours [2]. So, postdisaster rescue from collapsed structures has been extensively studied within the domain of social sciences, engineering, and computing [1]- [3], [5], [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

Towards Debris Information Analysis and Abstraction for Wi-Fi Radar Edge in Collapsed Structures

2019

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Structural collapses are widespread, owing to a surge in climatic changes, earthquakes, and terrorism. Therefore, there are some technological rescue methods in practice that involve sensors, radars, cameras, microphones, and robots. However, deployment of these techniques faces at least one issue amongst cost, availability, and technical expertise, which limits their application in developing countries. So, there is a dire need for a low-cost and easy deployable rescue method. Recently, we witnessed an increasing trend of using Wi-Fi radios as sensing modality for various applications, including breathing detection and localization, thus leading to device-free communication. Based on this, we may envisage having a Wi-Fi rescue solution. However, Wi-Fi signals cannot easily penetrate through collapsed structures due to the multilayered obstacle scenario. So, in this study, we focus our research on the proper information analysis and abstraction of debris and also present the possible methodology to have better coverage for Wi-Fi signals using Wi-Fi radar edge. We define two objectives of this work; 1) debris information analysis and 2) the Wi-Fi signal propagation mechanism, respectively. We achieve our first goal by conducting site surveys of earthquake-hit areas that enable us to analyze the causes and types of structural collapses followed by debris concept selection model. We employ a bijective soft set approach to accurately select the debris based on the complexity and nature of structural engineering followed. Moreover, we use the Wi-Fi Halow radar edge for wireless signal propagation and perform extensive simulations at low power. Finally, we compare both methods and discuss prospects. INDEX TERMS Collapsed structure, coverage, debris, rescue, bijective soft set, Wi-Fi radar. I. INTRODUCTION Post-disaster rescue from collapsed structures using ubiquitous methods is getting more attention from the research community owing to the surge in climate changes, earthquakes, war, and terrorism [1]. According to studies [2], [3], the first 72 hours are very crucial for the survival of missing or trapped humans. Therefore, there are many rescue techniques in literature, such as robots, cameras, radars, and sensors, etc. However, cost and non-availability limit applications of these methods in developing countries. But, with the realization of leveraging Wi-Fi signals as sensing The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Honghao Gao. information [4], the research trend has shifted to widget free solutions in each domain, as these are readily available and deployable. However, these Wi-Fi signals are weak if subjected to penetration through collapsed structures for rescue. So, in this paper, we study the nature of debris and its proper modeling to address the weak Wi-Fi signal strength through a low-powered Wi-Fi radar approach. A. PRIOR WORK AND MOTIVATION We observe that natural and human-made phenomena such as climatic changes, earthquakes, fire, war, and te...

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Field study of disaster waste management and disposal status of debris after Gorkha Earthquake in Kathmandu, Nepal

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

The challenges of strategic management of the wastage produced due to earthquake in Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar

The challenges of strategic management of the wastage produced due to earthquake in Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar

Application of Resistivity Method for Mining Tailings Site Selection in Karst Regions

Towards Debris Information Analysis and Abstraction for Wi-Fi Radar Edge in Collapsed Structures

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