Field Study of Guar Removal from Hydraulic Fractures

Pope, Dl; Britt, Larry K.; Constien, V.G.; Anderson, Adam; Leung, L. S.

doi:10.2118/31094-ms

Cited by 53 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…He concluded that in low permeability formations, Pc and relative permeability in invaded zones are significantly important on cleanup efficiency but in his work, the impact of FF volume on the conductivity of the fracture was not investigated. Pope et al (1996) presented a positive relationship between load recovery and gas production from field data. They explained that as FF is produced back to the surface from HF, an equivalent space in the fracture becomes available to the flow of the gas toward the well.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Flowback cleanup mechanisms of post-hydraulic fracturing in unconventional natural gas reservoirs

Nasriani

Jamiolahmady

2019

Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering

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This work investigates the fracturing fluid cleanup mechanisms of post-hydraulic fracturing in unconventional gas formations by studying a large number of wide-ranging parameters simultaneously. In this work, different scenarios of the cleanup operation of the hydraulic fracturing process are considered. This study consists of investigating the post-fracturing cleanup operation of hydraulically fractured vertical wells (VW) and multiple fractured horizontal wells (MFHWs). Additionally, the impact of soaking time, the range of the matrix permeability, applied drawdown pressure, injected fracturing fluid (FF) volume, fracture spacing and horizontal well length has been investigated by running different sets. Results show that that the trend of the impact of relevant parameters for VWs and MFHWs are analogous excepting the matrix permeability, k m. That is, in the MFHW base reference set, the effect of matrix permeability on capillary pressure is more significant than that on fluid flow while the reverse is observed for VW. The difference in the impact of k m in VWs and MFHWs is attributed to the geometry of the fluid flow towards the production well and different well completion scheme. It is also concluded that the impact of parameters affecting the capillary pressure in the matrix is more significant for MFHWs whereas matrix and fracture mobility pertinent parameters are more important for VWs than MFHWs. As a result, larger matrix capillary pressure values are more vital in the cleanup of MFHWs because of more imbibition of FF into the matrix and subsequently lower conflict between the flow of gas and FF in the fracture. The other part of this research concentrates on the impact of IFT reducing agents on the postfracturing production in different formations. In hydraulic fracturing operations, these agents

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Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…There are several experimental, numerical and field studies investigating the impact of the cleanup efficiency of hydraulic fractures on gas production and FF flowback in unconventional tight/ultra-tight formations (e.g. Pope et al, 1996;Gdanski et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowback cleanup mechanisms of post-hydraulic fracturing in unconventional natural gas reservoirs

Nasriani

Jamiolahmady

2019

Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering

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“…Understanding and modeling the recovery of gel filtercakes, whether permanently crosslinked with metals or reversibly crosslinked with boron, continues to be a subject of interest (Asadi et al 2008;Hutchins et al 2011). Field studies have indicated a positive correlation between gel recovery and gas productivity (Pope et al 1996). This has helped drive laboratory and numerical studies into areas that might improve gel recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Gel Filter Cake Recovery by Dissolution in Flowback Fluids

Gdanski

Bryant

2012

SPE International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control

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Wells completed in tight-gas sands often produce below expectations after fracture stimulation, with gel filtercake damage cited as a major cause of poor performance. These filtercakes have historically been viewed as immobile and insoluble in flowback water. However, recent field observations demonstrated conclusively that borate-crosslinked filtercakes delink and redissolve in flowback water. A fracture cleanup and chemistry simulator (FCCS) was used to discover and develop an appropriate rate law for the dissolution of gel filtercakes in flowback water. The simulator was validated by matching the observed gel content in the flowback waters from a fracturing treatment.Previous work demonstrated that behavior of gel filtercakes in proppant packs from fracturing treatments was more complex than expected. Particularly interesting were recent observations of significant concentrations of gelling agent across several hundred barrels of flowback fluid from a fracturing treatment with good documentation. Ionic composition of the well returns was first matched with the FCCS. Matching of the gel recovery profile required discovery and development of a rate law for dissolution of gel filtercake by water inflowing from the fracture face. Potential rate laws using flow of water down the length of the fracture were not able to match the observed profile. Parametric studies were then conducted and showed a gel displacement regime and a dissolution regime for gel recovery, with the controlling regime dependent on gel phase saturation in the proppant pack. The gel phase saturation in the proppant pack should be 50% or less to be in the dissolution regime for efficient gel recovery.

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“…Their correlation is extensively utilized in the oil and gas industry with an acceptable error. There have been several other research works on the development of theoretical models [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Gilbert (1954) was the first researcher to suggest the an empirical correlation by using 268 production data sets taken from an oil field in California, for choke sizes ranging from 6/64 to 18/64.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…• P wh : Upstream (wellhead) pressure, psi. Many researchers have developed Gilbert-type empirical correlations for the prediction of choke performance under critical conditions [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. All empirical correlations have been developed using production data sets taken from some specific fields [34][35][36][37][38]; therefore, these empirical correlations are usually accurate within production parameter variation ranges from which they have been developed.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Investigation into Sub-Critical Choke Flow Performance in High Rate Gas Condensate Wells

et al. 2019

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There have been some correlations in the literature to predict the gas and liquid flow rate through wellhead chokes under subcritical flow conditions. The majority of these empirical correlations have been developed based on limited production data sets that were collected from a small number of fields. Therefore, these correlations are valid within the parameter variation ranges of those fields. If such correlations are used elsewhere for the prediction of the subcritical choke flow performance of the other fields, significant errors will occur. Additionally, there are only a few empirical correlations for sub-critical choke flow performance in high rate gas condensate wells. These led the authors to develop a new empirical correlation based on a wider production data set from different gas condensate fields in the world; 234 production data points were collected from a large number of production wells in twenty different gas condensate fields with diverse reservoir conditions and different production histories. A non-linear regression analysis method was applied to their production. The new correlation was validated with a new set of data points from some other production wells to confirm the accuracy of the established correlation. The results show that the new correlation had minimal errors and predicted the gas flow rate more accurately than the other three existing models over a wider range of parameter variation ranges.

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Field Study of Guar Removal from Hydraulic Fractures

Cited by 53 publications

References 1 publication

Flowback cleanup mechanisms of post-hydraulic fracturing in unconventional natural gas reservoirs

Flowback cleanup mechanisms of post-hydraulic fracturing in unconventional natural gas reservoirs

Observation of Gel Filter Cake Recovery by Dissolution in Flowback Fluids

An Investigation into Sub-Critical Choke Flow Performance in High Rate Gas Condensate Wells

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