“…This means that the model does not consider the possibility that time allocation (as opposed to total amount of time allocated) may also be informative about ability. However, there have been strong empirical findings supporting the notion that there are relevant differences in the time allocation of high-versus low-ability students, with high-ability students spending more or less time on particular items (Gitomer, Curtis, Glaser, & Lensky, 1987;Schaeffer, Reese, Steffen, McKinley, & Mills, 1993). This can, for example, be explained by their higher level of insight helping them to realize which items benefit (the most) from spending additional time on them, such as the more difficult items on a test.…”