Aeolian sand transport in the atmospheric surface layer (ASL) is a typical kind of gas-solid two-phase flow at very high Reynolds number that fluctuates over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Based on the high-frequency time series of streamwise wind speed ( u) and total saltation mass flux ( q) measure at three different observation sites, the fluctuating characteristics of u and q in the near-neutral ASL have been analyzed. Our study suggests that the probability density function (PDF) of the normalized streamwise wind speed fluctuations at the height of approximately 0.5 m follows standard normal distribution, and the PDF of the q presents a lognormal distribution in the near-neutral ASL during strong and steady wind-blown sand. The investigations on the premultiplied spectral of q and u show that, as the energy of very large-scale motions (VLSMs) increases, the influence of the VLSMs on q become more significant. In addition, the stochastic couplings between u and q have been analyzed by using space-time correlations and linear coherence spectrum. Our results suggest that the VLSMs have a significant effect on the low-frequency fluctuations of q in the near-neutral ASL.