Field theory of relativistic strings. II. Loops and Pomerons

Kaku, Michio; Kikkawa, Koichi

doi:10.1103/physrevd.10.1823

Cited by 182 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The oldest one is the light-cone gauge approach [9]. This is consistent in the sense that it produces the correct integration range over the moduli parameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Boundary states as exact solutions of (vacuum) closed string field theory

2003

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We show that the boundary states are idempotent B * B = B with respect to the star product of HIKKO type closed string field theory. Variations around the boundary state correctly reproduce the open string spectrum with the gauge symmetry. We explicitly demonstrate it for the tachyonic and massless vector modes. The idempotency relation may be regarded as the equation of motion of closed string field theory at a possible vacuum.

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“…The oldest one is the light-cone gauge approach [9]. This is consistent in the sense that it produces the correct integration range over the moduli parameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In this sense, this gives the general formula for the star product of the generic squeezed states of the form (3.1). 9 The elements of M, Mg do not change by ℘ because of the form (3.3). 10 In this expression and in the computation in the following, we omit the suffix (3) in the oscillators.…”

Section: Proof Of the Idempotency Of The Boundary Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundary states as exact solutions of (vacuum) closed string field theory

2003

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“…In this paper, we take the OSp invariant string field theory [9] as such a theory. The OSp invariant string field theory is a covariantized version of the light-cone gauge string field theory [10] and it was proved that the S-matrix elements coincide with those of the light-cone gauge one [11].…”

Section: Jhep05(2006)029mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of breakdown of Raman-active gaseous media caused by ultrashort light pulses

Belenov¹

1994

Quantum Electron.

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We construct BRST invariant solitonic states in the OSp invariant string field theory for closed bosonic strings. Our construction is a generalization of the one given in the noncritical case. These states are made by using the boundary states for D-branes, and can be regarded as states in which D-branes or ghost D-branes are excited. We calculate the vacuum amplitude in the presence of solitons perturbatively and show that the cylinder amplitude for the D-brane is reproduced. The results imply that these are states with even number of D-branes or ghost D-branes.

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“…The formulas developed so far are in principle sufficient to evaluate F (2) and F (2) ′ in (3.15). Using BPZ conjugation, we could write…”

Section: Second Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the amplitudes of light-cone string field theory [2] make sense off-shell, their properties are unusual. With the development of a Lorentz covariant open string field theory [3], the study of off-shell amplitudes began in earnest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The essence of biological evolution

Vol’kenshtein¹

1984

Sov. Phys. Usp.

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We give a careful definition of the open string propagator in Schnabl gauge and present its worldsheet interpretation. The propagator requires two Schwinger parameters and contains the BRST operator. It builds surfaces by gluing strips of variable width to the left and to the right of off-shell states with contracted or expanded local frames. We evaluate explicitly the four-point amplitude of off-shell tachyons. The computation involves a subtle boundary term, crucial to enforce the correct exchange symmetries. Interestingly, the familiar on-shell physics emerges even though string diagrams produce Riemann surfaces more than once. Off-shell, the amplitudes do not factorize over intermediate on-shell states.1. The amplitudes have permutation symmetry among scattering states.2. The amplitudes are integrals over sections of fiber bundles with base the moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces and fibers spanning the possible choices of local coordinates at the punctures where the scattering states are inserted. Ignoring coordinates at the punctures, each Riemann surface contributes only once to the amplitude.3. The amplitudes satisfy factorization: near poles, all of which must arise from the propagator, the amplitude is a product of the relevant off-shell vertices.The first property arises because the vertices in the string field theory action are symmetric and so is the propagator. 1 The second property implies that the string diagrams for a given amplitude give a construction of the appropriate moduli space of Riemann surfaces: they produce all surfaces of fixed genus and fixed number of punctures, each surfaced produced only once. The third property arises because string diagrams at factorization develop infinitely long strips (or tubes, in closed string theory) that if cut, result in two allowed subdiagrams 2 which provide the two off-shell factors.Siegel gauge provides amplitudes that obey the above properties, but not all gauges do. Off-shell light-cone amplitudes do not satisfy property 1 because the string diagrams break the symmetry among states by assigning to them values of the light-cone momentum p + all of which cannot be the same. They do not satisfy property 3 either, because the Schwinger parameters associated with propagators are sometimes not independent.In this paper we begin a detailed study of off-shell amplitudes in Schnabl gauge, the gauge in which it was possible to obtain an analytic form for the tachyon vacuum string field [7]. The string field that represents a finite marginal deformation by a regular marginal operator is another solution in Schnabl gauge [8,9]. Other analytic solutions [10 -13] use the wedge states [14 -18] that are natural in Schnabl gauge, but do not actually satisfy the gauge condition. Recent related work appears in [19]- [28].The simplest amplitude to consider is the Veneziano amplitude. Its off-shell version in Schnabl gauge is the central topic in this paper. In Siegel gauge the Veneziano amplitude was first discussed by Giddings [29], who found the conformal map from th...

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Field theory of relativistic strings. II. Loops and Pomerons

Cited by 182 publications

References 19 publications

Boundary states as exact solutions of (vacuum) closed string field theory

Boundary states as exact solutions of (vacuum) closed string field theory

Characteristics of breakdown of Raman-active gaseous media caused by ultrashort light pulses

The essence of biological evolution

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