Underground pipelines are normally protected against external corrosion by a combination of an external coating and a cathodic protection (CP) system. However, the applicability of CP in permafrost (sub-zero temperatures) is not fully understood. This paper evaluates the applicability of CP in permafrost regions and discusses various aspects of CP application in sub-zero temperatures. It may appear that application of CP may be redundant for underground infrastructures operating at sub-zero temperatures, that do not suffer from frost-heave and thaw-settlement issues, and are protected by high-performance coatings. However, the application of CP may ensure long-term protection of the infrastructure from corrosion if the CP system can be reliably designed and operated overcoming high-electrical resistance frozen phases.