Field use of granulosis virus to reduce initial storage infestation of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), in North Africa

Salah, H. Ben; Aalbu, Rolf L.

doi:10.1016/0167-8809(92)90137-z

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…These include the elimination of cull piles and volunteers, timing of vinekill, soil moisture at and after vine-kill, time between desiccation and harvest, rolling hills and covering hills, and cultivar selection (Rondon et al 2007). In Tunisia, practices like deep seeding, hilling up, early harvest, irrigation until harvest, good sorting of tubers at harvest and rapid harvesting prevent tuber infestation (von Arx et al 1987a;BenSalah and Aalbu 1992). Several biological and ecological studies support the effectiveness of one or more of these cultural practices.…”

Section: Controlling the Potato Tuberwormmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbial Control Insect diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and nematodes have been developed as microbial pesticides to control insect pests not only in the field but also in the storage (Reed 1969(Reed , 1971Reed and Springett 1971;Hunter 1973;Briese and Mende 1983;Alcázar et al 1992;BenSalah and Aalbu 1992;Das et al 1992;Kroschel et al 1996b;Lery et al 1997;Roux and Baumgartner 1998;Setiawati et al 1999). However, microbial control of P. operculella is not yet developed for massive commercial use although some authors have indicated the potential use of those pathogens in the future (Lacey and Arthurs 2005;Arthurs et al 2008).…”

Section: Parasitoids and Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Well ventilated storage rooms that can be cooled through water evaporation plus the installation of insect nets should be added when possible to reduce storage problems (Ilangantileke et al 1997). In North Africa, the rapid increase in population of P. operculella in the field prior to harvest results in heavy infestation during storage von Arx et al 1988;BenSalah and Aalbu 1992;Salah et al 1994;Laarif et al 2003). Tubers stored for seed can be treated with pyrethroids and organophosphates in certain cases (Islam et al 1990;Das et al 1992;Hossain et al 1994;Hanafi 1999;Keasar et al 2005), although the practice can be illegal and life threatening when used inappropriately.…”

Section: Infestation In Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potato Tuberworm: A Literature Review of Its Biology, Ecology, and Control

2010

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The potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), is a worldwide pest of solanaceous crops especially devastating to potatoes. Adults mate and lay eggs in foliage or tubers throughout the growing season, preferring foliage over tubers. When foliage has naturally or artificially senesced and/or tubers are accessible, they deposit eggs in or near the eye buds. The larvae mine leaves, stems, and petioles causing irregular galleries, and excavate tunnels through tubers. Foliar damage to the potato crop usually does not result in significant yield losses but infested tubers may have reduced marketability and losses in storage may be up to 100% especially in non-refrigerated systems. The greatest risk of tuber damage occurs immediately before harvest while the crop is left in the field prior to digging; additional damage may occur in storage, if conditions are not maintained properly. Potatoes that are left in the field for any length of time can become infested. The pest is difficult to control and growers rely extensively on the use of insecticides and a variety of cultural practices. After harvest, the insect may continue to develop on tubers or volunteer plants remaining in the field as well as on other solanaceous plants. Incorporation of host plant resistance together with insecticides and appropriate biological and cultural practices may provide the best management options. This review addresses P. operculella bionomics, including origins, distribution, host range, life cycle and life stage behavior; seasonal dynamics; abiotic factors; cultural, biological, and chemical control methods; and host plant resistance.Resumen La palomilla de la papa Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) es una plaga importante de cultivos de solanáceas en todo el mundo pero especialmente devastadora para la papa. Los adultos se aparean y ponen huevecillos en follaje o en tubérculo a lo largo del ciclo de cultivo, con preferencia de follaje sobre los tubérculos. Cuando el follaje senesce natural o artificialmente y/o los tubérculos están accesibles, las polillas depositan sus huevos en o cerca de los ojos de las yemas. Las larvas hacen minas en las hojas, los tallos y en peciolos causando galerías irregulares, y excavan túneles en los tubérculos. El daño al follaje del cultivo usualmente no resulta en pérdidas significativas de rendimiento, pero los tubérculos infestados pueden tener una reducción en el mercado y las pérdidas en el almacén pueden llegar hasta el 100% especialmente en sistemas no refrigerados. El mayor riesgo de daño en los tubérculos se presenta inmediatamente antes de la cosecha mientras el cultivo está en el campo antes de ser cosechado y transportado. Se puede presentar daño adicional en el almacén si las condiciones no se mantienen apropiadamente. Las papas que se quedan en el campo por tiempo prolongado pueden ser infestados. La plaga es difícil de controlar y los productores confían extensivamente en el uso de insecticidas y en una variedad de prácticas culturales. Después de la cosecha, el insecto pue...

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Section: Controlling the Potato Tuberwormmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Parasitoids and Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Infestation In Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potato Tuberworm: A Literature Review of Its Biology, Ecology, and Control

2010

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“…The chemicals recommended are pyrethroids if tubers are to be used later for seed. If tubers are to be used for consumption, biological insecticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) and Granulosis virus (GV) are recommended (Ben-Salah & Aalbu, 1992;Hanafi, 1995Hanafi, , 1998). An important advantage of BT and GV is that they pose no health risk to farmer applicators, consumers, or for that matter, other species of animals.…”

Section: Management Techniques Of Ptm In Storesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated pest management of potato tuber moth in field and storage

Hanafi

1999

Potato Res

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SummaryThe potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea opercalella (Zeller), is one of the most damaging pests of potatoes in field and storage. Tuber moth is active throughout the year in North Africa but is most active from late April to early August. Many cultural practices that are used by farmers to improve the yield and quality of potato can also limit the development of the potato tuber moth and minimise damage to tubers. As the farmers gain more experience with both agronomic practices and chemical insecticides, they are likely to rely more heavily on cultural practices and less on insecticides to manage PTM. Measures which could keep PTM damages in rustic and diffuse light stores to a minimum are discussed. Ideally, there is need to integrate pest management in potato fields and stores. PTM control in stores was found to be more effective if infestation in fields was kept to a minimum. Low infestation at harvest and rapid handling of the potatoes going into store established good initial storage conditions and decreased the likelihood of post-harvest losses. Biological insecticides in particular were more effective in preventing losses by insects in stores in cases where the initial level of infestation was relatively low.

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“…A dry powder formulation of granulosis virus containing occlusion bodies (OBs) incorporated into talc has been successfully developed and marketed by the International Potato Center in Lima, Peru, as a nontoxic method to protect tubers in nonrefrigerated storage facilities (Lagnaoui et al 1997). Talc-based formulations have also been tested for potato tuberworm control in nonrefrigerated storages (Alcázar et al 1992b, Arthurs et al 2008 and in field trials (Salah & Aalbu 1992) with some success. However, the median lethal concentration of virus talc-based formulation in comparison with aqueous virus suspensions remains undetermined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal Activity of the Granulosis Virus in Combination with Neem Products and Talc Powder Against the Potato Tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Mascarin

Delalibera²

2012

Neotrop Entomol

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The potato tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) is an important agricultural pest that causes significant economic losses to potato growers worldwide. The addition of an effective method of biological control for the potato tuberworm is greatly needed, and is currently unavailable in Brazil. The granulosis virus (Baculoviridae) is a promising biological control agent to protect post-harvest potatoes and in storage from the potato tuberworm. However, the control measure must be economically feasible. Liquid suspensions of a granulosis virus applied alone or in mixture with two commercial neem oil-based products (DalNeem™ and NeemAzal™), and a dry powder formulation of viral granules were evaluated for control of potato tuberworm larvae by treating potato tubers under laboratory conditions. High larval mortality (86.7%) was achieved when DalNeem and virus were applied together at 4 mg of azadirachtin/L and 10 4 occlusion bodies (OBs)/mL, respectively. This combination resulted in ≥50% efficacy in relation to their counterparts alone. Conversely, NeemAzal did not enhance virus effectiveness against larvae of the potato tuberworm. The talc-based virus formulation was used for dusting seed tubers at different concentrations and resulted in 100% larval mortality at 5×10 8 OBs/g. Formulated and unformulated virus provided 50% mortality at 166 OBs/g and at 5.0× 10 5 OBs/mL, respectively. As a result, talc-based virus formulation had a better control efficiency on potato tuberworm than the aqueous virus suspension. The granulosis virus combined with DalNeem at low rates or formulated with talc powder is a viable option to control the potato tuberworm under storage conditions.

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Field use of granulosis virus to reduce initial storage infestation of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), in North Africa

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

The Potato Tuberworm: A Literature Review of Its Biology, Ecology, and Control

The Potato Tuberworm: A Literature Review of Its Biology, Ecology, and Control

Integrated pest management of potato tuber moth in field and storage

Insecticidal Activity of the Granulosis Virus in Combination with Neem Products and Talc Powder Against the Potato Tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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