Fifteenth-Century Sienese Model Books and the Origins of Francesco di           Giorgio’s <i>Codicetto</i>

Merrill, Elizabeth

doi:10.1086/jwci83010037

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The work of Francesco di Giorgio in particular was widely copied, but was itself partially derived from earlier sources. 22,23 The German tradition is represented by a greater emphasis on military applications: notable sources are manuscripts originating from Konrad Kyeser (1366after 1405), Johannes Formschneider (before 1420after 1470) and other authors. [24][25][26] Later printed works on mining and metallurgy by Georgius Agricola (1494-1555, Saxony) 27 and Vannoccio Biringuccio (1480-1539, Siena) 28 also provide valuable glimpses of contemporary practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leonardo da Vinci's writings on sliding bearings, lubrication and wear

Hutchings

2024

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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This article provides the first comprehensive study of the material relating to sliding bearings, lubrication and wear within the writings of Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519). While in many instances he was evidently describing contemporary practice, in other cases he demonstrated great innovation and insight. His descriptions of plain journal and pivot bearings and their materials are far richer than those of any other Renaissance engineer. His ability to classify and analyse his observations led him to highly perceptive conclusions about the effect of loading direction on wear rate and the mechanisms of wear in sliding contacts. In deducing the dependence of wear on load and sliding duration, Leonardo's thinking anticipated that of Reye, Preston and Archard by more than 350 years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leonardo da Vinci's writings on sliding bearings, lubrication and wear

Hutchings

2024

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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“…The work of Francesco di Giorgio, in particular, was widely copied but was itself partially derived from earlier sources. 21,22 Leonardo knew Francesco personally and possessed a manuscript copy of his work that still exists xxvii . There was also a fertile technological culture in southern Germany, recorded in contemporary manuscripts, with considerable overlap in content with the Italian manuscripts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An example is provided by the images in Figure 19 of a twin-screw hoist for lifting heavy columns that uses roller thrust bearings to reduce the friction on the nuts. This design belongs to a collection of machine drawings that have in the past been ascribed to Francesco di Giorgio, but may well themselves have been copied by him 22 ; whatever the original source, it is clear that several versions of this drawing existed in the last quarter of the fifteenth century. Although the overall drawings are very similar, some differ in the detail of the roller bearings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leonardo da Vinci's studies of rolling-element, disc and sector bearings

Hutchings

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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The notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) represent a unique source of information on Renaissance technology. They contain numerous references to tribological topics, including designs for bearings based either on rolling elements on axles (disc, cone, and sector bearings) or on freely rolling balls, cones or rollers. This paper provides the first comprehensive study of this material and its context, based on all of Leonardo's surviving manuscripts. While some of his bearing designs (such as the use of sector bearings to support bells) were clearly based on pre-existing technology, he showed a deep understanding of the principles behind them and remarkable ingenuity in developing them further. In some cases, however, these developments suffered from intrinsic defects or were completely impractical for other reasons. Although roller bearings pre-dated the work of Leonardo, the concept of using freely rolling balls in axial bearings appears to have originated with him.

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“…Lat. 1757) (Merrill, 2020) by Francesco di Giorgio is an extraordinary document that allows following his thoughts and ideas in the development process of the engineering and architectural projects over a relatively long period of his life. The Taccuino, of very small dimensions (81 × 59 × 35 mm) gives its reduced dimension to the need to be easily put in a pocket and carried during his frequent travels.…”

Section: The Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Engineering and Mechanics of Self-Propelled Vehicles from the Renaissance: The Projects of Francesco di Giorgio

Innocenzi

2024

AHS

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During the Renaissance, the idea of a complex mechanical system capable of autonomous movement, a forerunner concept of our modern automobile, found its first designs and exploratory conceptualizations. In particular, it will be one of the so-called "Sienese engineers", Francesco di Giorgio, one of the first to systematically explore the mechanics of self-propelled vehicles as part of his studies of machines that will later become part of his Treatise of Architecture. Francesco di Giorgio's self-propelled machines still lack an engine and are set in motion by human power, but their mechanics are already highly sophisticated and ahead of their time. Thanks to the various manuscripts that have been preserved, his legacy in this area is still entirely available. It facilitates the understanding of the development of the projects and the attempts to design machines for practical uses, as well as the theoretical approach to engineering during the Renaissance. This comprehensive study thoroughly describes Francesco di Giorgio's systematic approach to the mechanics of self-propelled vehicles. By comparing the various projects, from the rudimentary sketches in the Taccuino to the more sophisticated designs in the later versions of the Treatise of Architecture, a clear understanding of the logical and conceptual journey that led Francesco di Giorgio to pioneer the study of motion transmission in self-propelled vehicles can be obtained.

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Fifteenth-Century Sienese Model Books and the Origins of Francesco di Giorgio’s Codicetto

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Leonardo da Vinci's writings on sliding bearings, lubrication and wear

Leonardo da Vinci's writings on sliding bearings, lubrication and wear

Leonardo da Vinci's studies of rolling-element, disc and sector bearings

The Engineering and Mechanics of Self-Propelled Vehicles from the Renaissance: The Projects of Francesco di Giorgio

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