Fifty-seventh Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union<i>Check-list of North American Birds</i>

Chesser, R. Terry; Burns, Kevin J.; Cicero, Carla; Dunn, Jon L.; Kratter, Andrew W.; Lovette, Irby J.; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Remsen, J. V.; Rising, James D.; Stotz, Douglas F.; Winker, Kevin

doi:10.1642/auk-16-77.1

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…In contrast, Zink (1994) provided genetic evidence in support of a phylogenetically distinct sooty fox sparrow (Passerella unalaschcensis J.F. Gmelin, 1789; sometimes recognized as a subspecies group within P. iliaca, e.g., Chesser et al 2016) in coastal regions of the Pacific Northwest, and Wahl et al (2005) reported that sooty fox sparrows have become residents of the coastal lowlands and Gulf and San…”

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confidence: 99%

Demography of Sooty Fox Sparrows (Passerellaunalaschcensis) following a shift from a migratory to resident life history

et al. 2018

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Identifying causes and consequences of variation in species life history has the potential to improve predictions about how climate and land use change may affect the demography and distribution of species in future. Sooty fox sparrows (Passerella unalaschcensis J.F. Gmelin, 1789; or commonly grouped within Passerella iliaca B. Merrem, 1786) were migrants that rarely bred in the Georgia Basin of British Columbia prior to ~1950 but have since established resident populations. Data on 270 color-banded birds and 54 nests on Mandarte Is., BC, allowed us to estimate demographic vital rates and population growth in one recently established population.Annual fecundity (F), estimated as the product of the number of broods initiated (1.5 ± 0.01; mean ± sd), clutch size (2.82 ± 0.44), and probability of survival to fledging (0.68 ± 0.02), exceeded values reported for migrants, supporting the hypothesis that residents invest more in reproduction on average than migrants within species. Estimating juvenile and adult overwinter survival (S j = 0.32 ± 0.06, and S a = 0.69 ± 0.05) next allowed us to simulate an expected distribution of population growth rates as: λ exp = S a + (S j × F), given parameter error. Our estimate of λ exp (1.61 ± 0.57) implies expeditious population growth, consistent with the species' recent colonization of the region.

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confidence: 99%

Demography of Sooty Fox Sparrows (Passerellaunalaschcensis) following a shift from a migratory to resident life history

et al. 2018

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“…Those forms included in this study are shown in bold. The four taxa reported under 'Species' are those currently recognized by the American Ornithologists' Union(Chesser et al 2016)…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid postglacial diversification and long‐term stasis within the songbird genus Junco: phylogeographic and phylogenomic evidence

et al. 2016

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Natural systems composed of closely related taxa that vary in the degree of phenotypic divergence and geographic isolation provide an opportunity to investigate the rate of phenotypic diversification and the relative roles of selection and drift in driving lineage formation. The genus Junco (Aves: Emberizidae) of North America includes parapatric northern forms that are markedly divergent in plumage pattern and colour, in contrast to geographically isolated southern populations in remote areas that show moderate phenotypic divergence. Here, we quantify patterns of phenotypic divergence in morphology and plumage colour and use mitochondrial DNA genes, a nuclear intron, and genomewide SNPs to reconstruct the demographic and evolutionary history of the genus to infer relative rates of evolutionary divergence among lineages. We found that geographically isolated populations have evolved independently for hundreds of thousands of years despite little differentiation in phenotype, in sharp contrast to phenotypically diverse northern forms, which have diversified within the last few thousand years as a result of the rapid postglacial recolonization of North America. SNP data resolved young northern lineages into reciprocally monophyletic lineages, indicating low rates of gene flow even among closely related parapatric forms, and suggesting a role for strong genetic drift or multifarious selection acting on multiple loci in driving lineage divergence. Juncos represent a compelling example of speciation in action, where the combined effects of historical and selective factors have produced one of the fastest cases of speciation known in vertebrates.

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“…This move has also been followed by a number of other authors (FergusonLees and Christie 2001;Rasmussen and Anderton 2005;Gill and Donsker 2015). This movement of splitting the forms into two species has not been followed by the AOU (Chesser et al 2015(Chesser et al , 2016 and others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Molecular phylogeny, morphology and life-history comparisons within Circus cyaneus reveal the presence of two distinct evolutionary lineages

Etherington

Mobley

2016

Avian Res

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Background: Circus cyaneus is a medium-sized bird of prey that is widely distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. There are two currently recognized forms, the Palearctic form C. c. cyaneus (Hen Harrier), and the Nearctic form C. c. hudsonius (Northern Harrier). The forms have recently been split by the British Ornithologists' Union but the American Ornithologists' Union and some other taxonomic committees have not yet made any change. Here we examine the phylogenetic relationship between the two forms using sequence data from multiple nuclear and mitochondrial genes and examine breeding biology, body size, morphology, dispersal and other behaviors. Methods:In order to fully compare cyaneus and hudsonius, we carried out a full literature review, measured museum skins and carried out phylogenetic analysis using a number of different mitochondrial genes and compare our findings to other recent work. Results:We find that these two allopatric taxa form reciprocally monophyletic groups, show substantial mtDNA sequence divergence, and further differ significantly with respect to body size, plumage characters, breeding biology, dispersal and other behavioral traits. Conclusions:Based on an array of consistently divergent characteristics, it is suggested that the two forms are best regarded as separate species, Hen Harrier (Circus cyaneus) and Northern Harrier (Circus hudsonius).

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Fifty-seventh Supplement to the American Ornithologists' UnionCheck-list of North American Birds

Cited by 47 publications

References 82 publications

Demography of Sooty Fox Sparrows (Passerellaunalaschcensis) following a shift from a migratory to resident life history

Demography of Sooty Fox Sparrows (Passerellaunalaschcensis) following a shift from a migratory to resident life history

Rapid postglacial diversification and long‐term stasis within the songbird genus Junco: phylogeographic and phylogenomic evidence

Molecular phylogeny, morphology and life-history comparisons within Circus cyaneus reveal the presence of two distinct evolutionary lineages

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