Fifty Years of Family Planning: New Evidence on the Long-Run Effects of Increasing Access to Contraception

Bailey, Martha J.

doi:10.1353/eca.2013.0001

Cited by 71 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Most countries including developing countries have had national programs to provide family planning to large populations since the mid-1960s [ 2 ]. During the early years, advocates for family planning programs regularly highlighted their association with the economy, unlike today, where debates revolve around women’s reproductive health and rights [ 3 ]. Women experience a heavy burden on their physical and mental health due to unwanted pregnancies; therefore, there is a need to focus on their reproductive health [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Contributing Factors to Contraceptive Use in Kenya: A Large Population-Based Survey 1989 to 2014

Kamuyango

Hou

2020

IJERPH

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Kenya is among the leading nations in family planning in Africa, having the first official nationwide family planning program in sub-Saharan Africa. However, Kenya is still one of the most highly populated countries in Africa with a population of more than 52 million. The objective of this study was to assess the trends and contributing factors of contraceptive use. We conducted a multi-wave cross-sectional study using both the demographic health survey (DHS) and family planning effort index (FPE) datasets, analyzing five-year waves from 1989 to 2014. This study indicates that contraceptive use increased from 24.0% to 42.6%, with a change % of 77.5%. Despite changes in women’s characteristics, these characteristics posed little on the time trend of contraceptive use in Kenya. In addition, the policy component of FPE scores had a positive association with contraceptive use with negligible change after adjusting for social and demographic factors 1.055 (1.046–1.065). There was a fluctuating trend of the additional FPE components throughout the years. Women with lower education, those married to husbands with lower education, unmarried, and rural women remain behind in family planning service utilization. Targeted programs are still needed for these special groups. Policy adherence is vital for continued progress.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Contributing Factors to Contraceptive Use in Kenya: A Large Population-Based Survey 1989 to 2014

Kamuyango

Hou

2020

IJERPH

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“…Research shows that as women postpone childbirth they achieve higher levels of education and higher incomes (3,4). This leads to advantages for their children and for society (5,6). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of unintended pregnancy and use of contraception—important factors for preconception care

Kallner

Danielsson

2016

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences

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Preservation of fertility and optimizing health before pregnancy is becoming increasingly important in societies where childbirth often is postponed. Research shows that as women postpone childbirth they achieve higher levels of education and higher incomes. This leads to advantages for their children and for society. However, as women postpone childbearing they are at risk for contracting conditions which may affect fertility and/or pregnancies, pregnancy outcome, and the newborn child. Preconception counseling is therefore becoming increasingly important. Women are often unaware of the added health benefits of contraception and have the right to be well informed so they can make decisions to fulfill their reproductive desires. Contraception can reduce the risk of unintended pregnancies, ectopic and molar pregnancies, and sexually transmitted infections. In addition, hormonal contraceptives reduce the risk of some types of cancer, dysmenorrhea, heavy menstrual bleeding, and anemia and are a treatment for endometriosis. Contraception should increasingly be looked upon as a means of preserving fertility and optimizing health status before a planned pregnancy. Thus, effective contraception can provide women with a possibility of achieving their long-term reproductive goals, although childbearing is actually postponed. The most effective contraceptive methods are the long-acting reversible contraceptives, which have been shown to be highly effective especially in young women who have difficulties with adherence to user-dependent methods. Therefore, these methods should increasingly be promoted in all age groups.

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“…These outcomes trap societies in a vicious poverty cycle, with women bearing a disproportionate burden. By making investments that expand access to a broad contraceptive method mix, which includes both short- and long-acting contraception, based on principles of voluntarism and informed choice, countries can generate economic benefits while also improving the health, education, and quality of life for current and future populations 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Planning in Zambia: An Investment Pillar for Economic Development

et al. 2020

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Family planning represents a ‘best buy’ in global efforts to achieve sustainable development and attain improvements in sexual and reproductive health. By meeting contraceptive needs of all women, significant public health impact and development gains accrue. At the same time, governments face the complex challenge of allocating finite resources to competing priorities, each of which presents known and unknown challenges and opportunities. Zambia has experienced a slow but steady increase in contraceptive prevalence, with slight decline in total fertility rate (TFR), over the past 20 years. Drawing from the Zambian context, including a review of current policy solutions, we present a case for making investments in voluntary family planning (FP), underpinned by a human rights framework, as a pillar for accelerating development and socio-economic advancement. Through multilevel interventions aimed at averting unintended pregnancies, Zambia – and other low- and middle-income countries – can reduce their age dependency ratios and harness economic growth opportunities awarded by the demographic dividend while improving the health and quality of life of the population.

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Fifty Years of Family Planning: New Evidence on the Long-Run Effects of Increasing Access to Contraception

Cited by 71 publications

References 80 publications

Trends and Contributing Factors to Contraceptive Use in Kenya: A Large Population-Based Survey 1989 to 2014

Trends and Contributing Factors to Contraceptive Use in Kenya: A Large Population-Based Survey 1989 to 2014

Prevention of unintended pregnancy and use of contraception—important factors for preconception care

Family Planning in Zambia: An Investment Pillar for Economic Development

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