Fighting food temptations: The modulating effects of short-term cognitive reappraisal, suppression and up-regulation on mesocorticolimbic activity related to appetitive motivation

Siep, Nicolette; Roefs, Anne; Roebroeck, Alard; Havermans, Remco C.; Bonte, Milene; Jansen, Anita

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.12.067

Cited by 142 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…For example, exposure to real food results in more craving in people with bulimic disorders than HCs [49]. Within-paradigm assessments of food craving in HCs showed increased craving only when people were instructed to think about the palatability of the food, but not in other conditions [47]; this supports the idea that the instruction that we used was more complex and may have resulted in suppression of urges to eat the food in both healthy and BN participants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…While no study has directly investigated this ‘instruction’ effect in a within-subject comparison in people with an eating disorder, Siep et al (2012) have demonstrated that brain activation in frontal and striatal regions can differ based on the instructions given, e.g. 1) to passively view foods, 2) to up-regulate food palatability thoughts, 3) to apply cognitive reappraisal (e.g., thinking about health consequences), or 4) suppress food palatability thoughts and cravings [47]. An indirect comparison with their findings suggests that the left medial prefrontal cortex activation seen in both our HC and BN group (Table 2) is in accord with the task to ‘up-regulate’ food palatability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain responses to body image stimuli but not food are altered in women with bulimia nervosa

et al. 2013

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BackgroundResearch into the neural correlates of bulimia nervosa (BN) psychopathology remains limited.MethodsIn this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, 21 BN patients and 23 healthy controls (HCs) completed two paradigms: 1) processing of visual food stimuli and 2) comparing their own appearance with that of slim women. Participants also rated food craving and anxiety levels.ResultsBrain activation patterns in response to food cues did not differ between women with and without BN. However, when evaluating themselves against images of slim women, BN patients engaged the insula more and the fusiform gyrus less, compared to HCs, suggesting increased self-focus among women with BN whilst comparing themselves to a ‘slim ideal’. In these BN patients, exposure to food and body image stimuli increased self-reported levels of anxiety, but not craving.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that women with BN differ from HCs in the way they process body image, but not in the way they process food stimuli.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain responses to body image stimuli but not food are altered in women with bulimia nervosa

et al. 2013

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“…Conversely, when participants in Siep et al (2012) were asked to suppress any thoughts about food palatability and food craving, they showed decreased neural activity in the ventral reward pathway (e.g. ventral striatum), together with enhanced activity in regulatory areas (e.g.…”

Section: Modulations Of the Core Eating Network Associated With Eatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Siep et al (2012) demonstrated the neural consequences of focusing on hedonic pleasure. When participants were asked to focus on the hedonic properties of highly palatable foods (smell, taste, and texture) in the up-regulation condition, they exhibited increased food craving and enhanced activation in the ventral reward pathway (ventral striatum, ventral tegmental area, operculum, insula, mOFC, and vmPFC).…”

Section: Modulations Of the Core Eating Network Associated With Eatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A core eating network and its modulations underlie diverse eating phenomena

Chen

Papies

Barsalou

2016

Brain and Cognition

130

105

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We propose that a core eating network and its modulations account for much of what is currently known about the neural activity underlying a wide range of eating phenomena in humans (excluding homeostasis and related phenomena). The core eating network is closely adapted from a network that Kaye, Fudge, and Paulus (2009) proposed to explain the neurocircuitry of eating, including a ventral reward pathway and a dorsal control pathway. In a review across multiple literatures that focuses on experiments using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), we first show that neural responses to food cues, such as food pictures, utilize the same core eating network as eating. Consistent with the theoretical perspective of grounded cognition, food cues activate eating simulations that produce reward predictions about a perceived food and potentially motivate its consumption. Reviewing additional literatures, we then illustrate how various factors modulate the core eating network, increasing and/or decreasing activity in subsets of its neural areas. These modulating factors include food significance (palatability, hunger), body mass index (BMI, overweight/obesity), eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating), and various eating goals (losing weight, hedonic pleasure, healthy living). By viewing all these phenomena as modulating a core eating network, it becomes possible to understand how they are related to one another within this common theoretical framework. Finally, we discuss future directions for better establishing the core eating network, its modulations, and their implications for behavior.

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“…1). Finally, the use of cognitive reappraisal strategies has been shown to regulate appetitive responses to highly palatable foods via these same neural systems (Kober et al, 2010; Hollmann et al, 2012; Siep et al, 2012; Yokum and Stice, 2013). …”

Section: Non-invasive Neuromodulation Approaches: Recent Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging and neuromodulation approaches to study eating behavior and prevent and treat eating disorders and obesity

Val‐Laillet¹,

Aarts

Weber

et al. 2015

NeuroImage: Clinical

391

321

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Functional, molecular and genetic neuroimaging has highlighted the existence of brain anomalies and neural vulnerability factors related to obesity and eating disorders such as binge eating or anorexia nervosa. In particular, decreased basal metabolism in the prefrontal cortex and striatum as well as dopaminergic alterations have been described in obese subjects, in parallel with increased activation of reward brain areas in response to palatable food cues. Elevated reward region responsivity may trigger food craving and predict future weight gain. This opens the way to prevention studies using functional and molecular neuroimaging to perform early diagnostics and to phenotype subjects at risk by exploring different neurobehavioral dimensions of the food choices and motivation processes. In the first part of this review, advantages and limitations of neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), pharmacogenetic fMRI and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) will be discussed in the context of recent work dealing with eating behavior, with a particular focus on obesity. In the second part of the review, non-invasive strategies to modulate food-related brain processes and functions will be presented. At the leading edge of non-invasive brain-based technologies is real-time fMRI (rtfMRI) neurofeedback, which is a powerful tool to better understand the complexity of human brain–behavior relationships. rtfMRI, alone or when combined with other techniques and tools such as EEG and cognitive therapy, could be used to alter neural plasticity and learned behavior to optimize and/or restore healthy cognition and eating behavior. Other promising non-invasive neuromodulation approaches being explored are repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS). Converging evidence points at the value of these non-invasive neuromodulation strategies to study basic mechanisms underlying eating behavior and to treat its disorders. Both of these approaches will be compared in light of recent work in this field, while addressing technical and practical questions. The third part of this review will be dedicated to invasive neuromodulation strategies, such as vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS). In combination with neuroimaging approaches, these techniques are promising experimental tools to unravel the intricate relationships between homeostatic and hedonic brain circuits. Their potential as additional therapeutic tools to combat pharmacorefractory morbid obesity or acute eating disorders will be discussed, in terms of technical challenges, applicability and ethics. In a general discussion, we will put the brain at the core of fundamental research, prevention and therapy in the context of obesity and eating disorders. First, we will discuss the possibility to identify new biological markers of brain functions. Second, we will highli...

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Fighting food temptations: The modulating effects of short-term cognitive reappraisal, suppression and up-regulation on mesocorticolimbic activity related to appetitive motivation

Cited by 142 publications

References 53 publications

Brain responses to body image stimuli but not food are altered in women with bulimia nervosa

Brain responses to body image stimuli but not food are altered in women with bulimia nervosa

A core eating network and its modulations underlie diverse eating phenomena

Neuroimaging and neuromodulation approaches to study eating behavior and prevent and treat eating disorders and obesity

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