Filamentation and trapping of electromagnetic radiation in plasmas

Kaw, P. K.; Schmidt, G.; Wilcox, T. J.

doi:10.1063/1.1694552

Cited by 461 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The need of a satisfactory understanding of these results has thus been a strong motivation to the theoretical study of the damping-free case by extending the analysis of [20] and [22]. Nonlinear effects of conceptually similar origin have also been demonstrated in plasmas, such as self-focusing and filamentation [24][25][26]. Here the nonlinearity originates from ponderomotive forces acting on the plasma and pushing the electrons away from high-intensity regions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Kinetic Theory for Transverse Optomechanical Instabilities

et al. 2014

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confidence: 99%

Kinetic Theory for Transverse Optomechanical Instabilities

et al. 2014

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“…For intensities above I p > 2.0×10 15 W-cm −2 , transmission within twice the beam cone drops to 55% and 65% of the energy is outside of the original beam cone. Beam spray is a direct measure of filamentation; the filamentation threshold for an ideal beam can be calculated by balancing the plasma pressure with the pondermotive force resulting from the transverse profile of the laser beam [16]. Theoretical work using the laserplasma interaction code Pf3D has extended this work to include the laser beam intensity profile with a random phase plate (RPP) [17],…”

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confidence: 99%

Ideal Laser-Beam Propagation through High-Temperature Ignition Hohlraum Plasmas

et al. 2007

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“…Beam spray is a direct measure of filamentation; the filamentation threshold for an ideal beam can be calculated by balancing the plasma pressure with the pondermotive force resulting from the transverse profile of the laser beam [38]. Theoretical work using the laser-plasma interaction code Pf3D has extended this work to include the laser beam intensity profile with a continuous phase plate [39],…”

Section: Backscattering Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

0.351 micron Laser Beam propagation in High-temperature Plasmas

Froula¹,

Divol²,

Meezan³

et al. 2007

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A study of the laser-plasma interaction processes have been performed in plasmas that are created to emulate the plasma conditions in indirect drive inertial confinement fusion targets. The plasma emulator is produced in a gas-filled hohlraum; a blue 351-nm laser beam propagates along the axis of the hohlraum interacting with a high-temperature (Te = 3.5 keV), dense (ne = 5 × 10 20 cm −3 ), long-scale length (L ∼ 2 mm) plasma. Experiments at these conditions have demonstrated that the interaction beam produces less than 1% total backscatter resulting in transmission greater than 90% for laser intensities less than I < 2 × 10 15 W-cm −2 . The bulk plasma conditions have been independently characterized using Thomson scattering where the peak electron temperatures are shown to scale with the hohlraum heater beam energy in the range from 2 keV to 3.5 keV. This feature has allowed us to determine the thresholds for both backscattering and filamentation instabilities; the former measured with absolutely calibrated full aperture backscatter and near backscatter diagnostics and the latter with a transmitted beam diagnostics. A plasma length scaling is also investigated extending our measurements to 4-mm long high-temperature plasmas. At intensities I < 5 × 10 14 W-cm −2 , greater than 80% of the energy in the laser is transmitted through a 5-mm long, high-temperature (Te > 2.5 keV) high-density (ne = 5 × 10 20 W-cm −3 ) plasma. Comparing the experimental results with detailed gain calculations for the onset of significant laser scattering processes shows a stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold (R=10%) for a linear gain of 15; these high temperature, low density experiments produce plasma conditions comparable to those along the outer beams in ignition hohlraum designs. By increasing the gas fill density (ne = 10 21 cm −3 ) in these targets, the inner beam ignition hohlraum conditions are accessed. In this case, stimulated Raman scattering dominates the backscattering processes and we show that scattering is small for gains less than 20 which can be achieved through proper choice of the laser beam intensity. The first three-dimensional (3D) simulations of a high power 0.351µm laser beam propagating through a high-temperature hohlraum plasma are also reported. We show that 3D linear kinetic modeling of Stimulated Brillouin scattering reproduces quantitatively the experimental measurements, provided it is coupled to detailed hydrodynamics simulation and a realistic description of the laser beam from its millimeter-size envelop down to the micron scale speckles. These simulations accurately predict the strong reduction of SBS measured when polarization smoothing is used.

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Filamentation and trapping of electromagnetic radiation in plasmas

Abstract: It is shown that an electromagnetic wave interacting with a plasma is subject to instabilities leading to light filamentation. Nonlinear solutions for light filaments and light trapping are also investigated.

Cited by 461 publications

References 9 publications

Kinetic Theory for Transverse Optomechanical Instabilities

Kinetic Theory for Transverse Optomechanical Instabilities

Ideal Laser-Beam Propagation through High-Temperature Ignition Hohlraum Plasmas

0.351 micron Laser Beam propagation in High-temperature Plasmas

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