Film seeds coating with hexane extracts from Illicium verum Hook.f. and Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & Perry for controlling Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) and Callosobruchus chinensis L

Abstract

BACKGROUND The application of film seed coating with some plant extracts against stored insect pests was an alternative approach for insect protection instead of using chemical insecticides. The overuse of insecticides has contributed to both human health and environmental problems. The hexane extracts of Illicium verum (HS) and Syzygium aromaticum (HC) were evaluated against bruchid beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus and Callosobruchus chinensis). The insecticidal activities and enhancing seed germination after being coated by various concentrations of extracts, purified fraction (PF) of extracts, standard chemicals of PF, fipronil insecticide (FI), and coating agent groups were evaluated after stored. RESULTS Both HS and HC at 3% concentrations were more effective against C. maculatus than C. chinensis with LT50 values of 1.60–1.90 and 3.44–3.62 h, respectively. They could also kill those insects with a higher number than that of standards. The HS and HC could inhibit the progeny population of those insects over 95.6% with no significant difference compared to the FI group. The eugenol standard was the most effective and completely inhibited the emergence compared with trans‐anethol standard and PFs. The seed that was coated with 1% of HS and stored at 4 °C for 6 months showed no effect on seed germination with no significant difference between FI and control groups. CONCLUSION The application of 1% of HS incorporated in the film seed coating against bruchid beetles and did not affect seed germination quality after 6 months. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry

Insecticidal activities of long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl) fruit extracts against seed beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius, Callosobruchus chinensis Linnaeus, and Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) and their effects on seed germination

“…zeamais ) were collected from Hua-Ta-khe Old Market, Bangkok, Thailand. These seed beetle pests were screened and cultured according to the method adapted from Pumnuan et al. (2021) at room temperature (30 ± 5 °C).…”

“…The working solution at various concentrations as 0.02–0.10% and 0.2–1.0% were calculated as concentration per area equaling to 3.15–15.75 and 31.5–157.5 μg⋅cm −2 . Mortality rates were observed at 24 h and the LC 50 and LC 90 values (lethal concentration of extract required to kill 50% and 90% of insects, respectively) were calculated via probit analysis, and the regression equipment as reported by Pumnuan et al. (2021) .…”

“…The mung bean and corn seeds coated with hexane extracts were prepared by the modified experimental method according to Pumnuan et al. (2021) .…”

“…The seed qualities were each classified as percentage of moisture content (%MC) and germination percentage in the laboratory (%GL) as well as germination index (GI) of seed were evaluated. The evaluation of seed qualities were performed by following the method adapted from Pumnuan et al. (2021) .…”

“…Green insecticides, especially medicinal plant extract, are of alternative interest for seed treatment to control stored product insect pests. The application of film seed coating technology with plant extracts in coating substances was a promising way for insect protection to replace the use of chemical insecticides ( Pumnuan et al., 2021 ). The research of Yaman and Şimşek (2021) showed that Hypericum species extracts had insecticidal potential against various important stored grain insect pests.…”