Fimbriation of Haemophilus Species Isolated from the Respiratory Tract of Adults

Apicella, Michael A.; Shero, Marlene; Dudas, Kathleen C.; Stack, Richard R.; Klohs, Wayne D.; LaScolea, Leonard J.; Murphy, Timothy F.; Mylotte, Joseph M.

doi:10.1093/infdis/150.1.40

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Pili of respiratory H. influenzae isolates are often not expressed under routine laboratory conditions, but because pilus expression is phase variable, piliated (p ϩ ) variants within populations of nonpiliated (p Ϫ ) bacteria may be identified and enriched for by their adherence to human red blood cells (2). It is likely that the HifA-and HifE-containing pili of the biotype IV strains were in the "off" phase and that we were not able to select for them because they do not bind to, and thus cannot be enriched by, human red blood cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Pilus Adhesins from Haemophilus influenzae Biotype IV Strains

et al. 2001

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A subset of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) biotype IV isolates from the human genital tract or from infected newborn infants forms a cryptic genospecies characterized by, among other features, the presence of peritrichous pili. The objective of this study was to determine the similarity of these pili to hemagglutinating, HifA-and HifE-containing pili expressed by respiratory H. influenzae isolates. For this analysis, the presence of hifA and hifE and their gene products in NTHI biotype IV strains was assessed, the binding of H. influenzae biotype IV strains to human epithelial cells was characterized, possible genital tissue tropism of these isolates was explored, and the role of HifA-and HifE-possessing pili in the adhesion of NTHI biotype IV strains to human epithelial cells was determined. None of the six biotype IV NTHI isolates tested agglutinated human red blood cells, nor could they be enriched for hemagglutinating variants. Although hifA, which encodes the major structural subunit of hemagglutinating pili, and hifE, which encodes the tip adhesin of hemagglutinating pili, were detected by PCR from six and five, respectively, of the six biotype IV strains tested, neither HifA nor HifE (the gene products of hifA and hifE) were detected in any of these strains by Western blot analysis using antisera that recognize HifA and HifE of respiratory strains. Transmission electron microscopy showed no surface pili on the two biotype IV H. influenzae isolates examined; strain 4162 containing an insertional mutation in hifA also showed no surface pili, whereas strain 1595 containing an insertional mutation in hifB showed pilus-like structures that were shorter and thicker than hemagglutinating pili of the respiratory strains AAr176 and M43. In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, biotype IV strains adhered to 16HBE14o ؊ and HEp-2 cells of respiratory origin as well as to ME180 and HeLa cells of genital origin. This adherence was not pilus specific, however, as GM-1, a known pilus receptor analog, did not inhibit binding of biotype IV strains to ME180, HEp-2, or HeLa cells, and GM-1 inhibition of binding to 16HBE14o ؊ cells did not correlate with the presence of hifE. While both nonpiliated variants and hifA and hifB (encoding the pilus chaperone) mutants of respiratory strain AAr176 showed reduced binding (64 to 87% of that of piliated AAr176) to 16HBE14o ؊ and ME180 cells, hifA and hifB mutants of the biotype IV strains showed minimal reduction in binding to these cell lines (91 to 98% of that of wild-type strains). Thus, although biotype IV H. influenzae isolates of the cryptic genospecies possess the genes that code for HifA-and HifE-containing hemagglutinating pili, epithelial cell adherence exhibited by these strains is not mediated by expression of hemagglutinating pili.Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI; i.e., strains lacking a polysaccharide capsule) strains colonize the human pharynx and nasopharynx and may cause respiratory infections such as otitis media, bronchitis, sinusitis, and pneumonia...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Pilus Adhesins from Haemophilus influenzae Biotype IV Strains

et al. 2001

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“…The presence of fimbriae has also been demonstrated in other species of the genus Haemophilus (36,37). The reports on the ability of the strains to adhere to epithelial cells and to agglutinate red blood cells have been very contradictory, in part due to the diversity of techniques and the criteria of adherence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Characterization ofHaemophilus influenzae isolated from patients with otitis media

Dabernat¹,

Delmas²,

Rich

et al. 1988

Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.

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Two hundred and twenty-three Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from patients with otitis media throughout France were characterized by biotype, serotype, antibiotic susceptibility, type of beta-lactamase production and human erythrocyte agglutination properties. All strains fell in one of two groups. One group consisted of encapsulated type b strains, 50% of which were biotype I, often resistant to ampicillin (38.5% of beta-lactamase producing strains) and seldom positive for haemagglutination (3.8%). The second group was composed of non-encapsulated strains, 42% of which were of biotype II, 10.6% beta-lactamase producers and 10.5% positive for haemagglutination.

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“…On the other hand, nonfimbriated H. influenzae could adhere and invade into cultured epithelial cells (22). When fresh clinical isolates of H. influenzae were observed by EM, only three of the 15 strains of nontypable H. influenzae were found to be fimbriated and the fimbriae were primarily polar distribution (4). The importance of fimbriae during infection by nontypable H. influenzae needs further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It is reported that all uncapsulated H. influenzae isolated from the upper respiratory tract are fimbriated, although the degree of fimbriation does not correlate with the ability to adhere to respiratory epithelial cells (5). While another report states that when fresh clinical isolates of H. influenzae were observed under the electron microscope (EM), only three of the 15 strains of nontypable H. influenzae were fimbriated and the fimbriae were mainly in polar distribution (4). The culture condition has a significant effect on the expression of the surface structure of bacteria.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil Response to Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae in Respiratory Infections

Ahmed

Ichinose

Dai

et al. 1993

Microbiology and Immunology

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Sputa from patients with respiratory infections by nontypable Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) were investigated by electron microscopy. The cell wall of H. influenzae appeared wavy and nonwavy. In the cell wall the peptidoglycan layer was ill-defined. These patients had adequate IgG response in the serum against H. influenzae. However neither capsule nor fimbriae were found. Different stages of phagocytosis and destruction of the bacteria by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) were observed. PMNs were also found to phagocytose the debris. Evidences were found that the debris is formed mainly by the destruction of polymorphonuclear neutrophil. Extracellular lysosomes were also observed, which may have a role in destruction of both bacteria and host tissue. It was concluded that nontypable H. influenzae are nonfimbriated and noncapsulated during infection. Debris are the end product of PMN destruction, and phagocytosis of debris by PMNs has a role in the pathogenesis of chronic respiratory diseases.

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Fimbriation of Haemophilus Species Isolated from the Respiratory Tract of Adults

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Analysis of Pilus Adhesins from Haemophilus influenzae Biotype IV Strains

Analysis of Pilus Adhesins from Haemophilus influenzae Biotype IV Strains

Characterization ofHaemophilus influenzae isolated from patients with otitis media

Neutrophil Response to Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae in Respiratory Infections

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