Final state effect for Au 4f line from gold-nano-particles grown on oxides and HOPG supports

Kitsudo, Y.; Iwamoto, Akira; Matsumoto, Hisashi; Mitsuhara, Kei; Nishimura, Tomoaki; Takizawa, Makoto; Akita, Tomoki; Maeda, Yasushi; Kido, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1016/j.susc.2009.04.008

Cited by 44 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Numerous studies have found that the binding energy of metal clusters decreases with an increase of the cluster size, and it finally converges to the bulk value at large particle sizes. [60][61][62][63] For example, gold clusters with a particle size of approximately 0.6 nm show a binding energy that is + 0.8 eV higher than the one of bulk gold, [61] whereas clusters greater than 10 nm exhibit a binding energy that is < 0.1 eV compared to bulk gold. Following this trend, the binding energy www.chemeurj.org of Au nanoclusters in Au/HY and Au/HY-200 should present at the position larger than 84.2 eV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoclusters Confined in a Supercage of Y Zeolite for Aerobic Oxidation of HMF under Mild Conditions

Cai

Zhang

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

200

104

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Au nanoclusters with an average size of approximately 1 nm size supported on HY zeolite exhibit a superior catalytic performance for the selective oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furfural (HMF) into 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). It achieved >99 % yield of 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid in water under mild conditions (60 °C, 0.3 MPa oxygen), which is much higher than that of Au supported on metal oxides/hydroxide (TiO2, CeO2, and Mg(OH)2) and channel‐type zeolites (ZSM‐5 and H‐MOR). Detailed characterizations, such as X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, N2‐physisorption, and H2‐temperature‐programmed reduction (TPR), revealed that the Au nanoclusters are well encapsulated in the HY zeolite supercage, which is considered to restrict and avoid further growing of the Au nanoclusters into large particles. The acidic hydroxyl groups of the supercage were proven to be responsible for the formation and stabilization of the gold nanoclusters. Moreover, the interaction between the hydroxyl groups in the supercage and the Au nanoclusters leads to electronic modification of the Au nanoparticles, which is supposed to contribute to the high efficiency in the catalytic oxidation of HMF to FDCA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoclusters Confined in a Supercage of Y Zeolite for Aerobic Oxidation of HMF under Mild Conditions

Cai

Zhang

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

200

104

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“…In previous studies in which AuNPs were combined with moderately conductive materials, such as amorphous carbon, highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and fullerene C 60 , some authors related the observed core-level energy shifts of the metal peaks to final-state effects due to the nature of the photoemission process itself, rather than to chemical reactions. [23][24][25] Through detailed core-level analysis, we here show that two effects contribute to the core-level shifts: at AuNPson-molecules interfaces a chemical reaction (initial-state effect) indeed occurs between the organic compounds and the metal, as well as size-induced effects on the metal photoelectron spectra (final-state effects). Only both effects together allow for adequate understanding of the formation of the interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Shifts to higher BE are observed for metal NPs smaller than about 5 nm. [24] The energy shift of the measured BE can be approximately estimated by modelling the AuNP as a charged spherical capacitor with radius d/2 [nm] and considering the energy required to remove an electron from it [Eq. (1)]…”

Section: Aunps On A-npdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some reports associate this asymmetry of the core-level peak with final-state effects due to an abundance of NPs with smaller than average size, which effects the position of the main peak. [23,24] The size-induced shift of the Au 4f core-level peak has been investigated for Au on different inorganic materials [i.e. NiO(001), NiO(111), TiO2(110) and Si (111)] [38][39][40][41] and carbonbased materials (i.e.…”

Section: Aunps On A-npdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Semiconductor/Gold Interface Interactions: From Physisorption on Planar Surfaces to Chemical Reactions with Metal Nanoparticles

2015

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The interaction of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with prototypical organic semiconductors used in optoelectronics, namely, tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminium (Alq3 ) and 4,4-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]diphenyl (α-NPD), is investigated in situ by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These AuNPs-on-molecule experiments are compared with the reversed molecule-on-Au cases. The molecules-on-Au systems show only weak interactions, and the evolution of the XP spectra is dominated by final-state effects. In contrast, in the AuNPs-on-molecules cases, both initial-state effects and final-state effects occur. Spectral features arising for both molecules and metal indicate charge transfer and the formation of organometallic complexes (initial-state effects). The energy shift in the metal emission underlines the size-induced nanometric nature of the molecule/Au interaction (final-state effects). Consequently, the chemical interaction between metals and organic semiconductors likely depends strongly on the deposition sequence in general.

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“…The ionization of a single atom will result in a localized hole with little ability for the atom to electronically relax, while in a cluster of many atoms, the hole produced after ionization may be delocalized over the cluster lowering the final state energy. It was shown that Au NPs containing less than 70 atoms (0.5 nm) have a BE shift of the Au 4f peak by 0.25 eV to higher region independently on the substrates [132].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Nanostructuring Sufficient To Get Catalytically Active Au?

et al. 2016

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Gold nanoparticles on transition-metal oxides were synthesized by two different methods: precipitation and photoinduced decomposition of an intermediate gold–azido complex. Only samples prepared by the precipitation method showed significant CO conversion at low temperature. XPS shows the formation of two Au species (Au0 and Auδ+) on the surface of active Au/TiO2 and Au/Fe2O3 samples. The energy shift of the Auδ+ peak depends on the support and is 0.6 and 0.9 eV for Au/TiO2 and Au/Fe2O3, respectively. TEM images indicate the formation of overlayer on Au particles. These results prove Au activation via a strong metal–support interaction, on the basis of the strong influence of the support on the electronic structure of the gold through charge transfer and stabilization of low-coordinated Au atoms.

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Final state effect for Au 4f line from gold-nano-particles grown on oxides and HOPG supports

Cited by 44 publications

References 37 publications

Gold Nanoclusters Confined in a Supercage of Y Zeolite for Aerobic Oxidation of HMF under Mild Conditions

Gold Nanoclusters Confined in a Supercage of Y Zeolite for Aerobic Oxidation of HMF under Mild Conditions

Organic Semiconductor/Gold Interface Interactions: From Physisorption on Planar Surfaces to Chemical Reactions with Metal Nanoparticles

Is Nanostructuring Sufficient To Get Catalytically Active Au?

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