Financial barriers to utilization of screening and treatment services for breast cancer: An equity analysis in Nigeria

Okoronkwo, Ijeoma; Ejike-Okoye, P; Chinweuba, AU; Nwaneri, Ada C.

doi:10.4103/1119-3077.151070

Cited by 39 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Rich households often had more educated residents, enabling them to seek for good health and good services. In agreement with previous studies, financial barriers can prevent those in the poorest socioeconomic status group from utilizing the screening and treatment services for the early diagnosis and subsequent treatment of breast cancer [10–12]. The study showed that residential area was associated with mammogram examination and Pap smear screening.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Inequity of healthcare utilization on mammography examination and Pap smear screening in Thailand: Analysis of a population-based household survey

Chongthawonsatid

2017

PLoS ONE

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Healthcare in Thailand is not equally distributed, and not all people can equally access healthcare resources even if they are covered by health insurance. To examine factors associated with the utilization of mammography examination for breast cancer and Pap smear screening for cervical cancer, data from the national reproductive health survey conducted by the National Statistical Office of Thailand in 2009 was examined. The survey was carried out on 15,074,126 women aged 30–59 years. The results showed that the wealthier respondents had more mammograms than did the lower-income groups. The concentration index was 0.144. The data on Pap smears for cervical cancer also showed that the wealthier respondents were more likely to have had a Pap smear than their lower-income counterparts. The concentration index was 0.054. Determinants of mammography examination were education, followed by health welfare and wealth index, whereas the determinants of Pap smear screening were wealth index, followed by health welfare and education. The government should support greater education for women because education was associated with socioeconomic status and wealth. There should be an increase in the number of screening campaigns, mobile clinics, and low-cost mammograms and continued support for accessibility to mammograms, especially in rural areas and low-income communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Inequity of healthcare utilization on mammography examination and Pap smear screening in Thailand: Analysis of a population-based household survey

Chongthawonsatid

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…It further found that a total of 97.9% of respondents had no health insurance coverage [30]. Another study also conducted in Nigeria by Okoronkwo et al, (2015) found that cost of medical treatment and not having insurance coverage was a major financial barrier to utilization and treatment services [64]. These two above mentioned studies are in agreement with our findings in LMICs.…”

Section: Risk Of Bias Across Studiessupporting

confidence: 90%

Evidence on access to health care information by women of reproductive age in Low-and-Middle-Income Countries: Scoping Review

Shatilwe

Kuupiel

Mashamba-Thompson

2020

Preprint

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Background Majority of women of reproductive age in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) are not able to access health services due to different factors. The main objective of this scoping review is to map the literature on access to healthcare information by women of reproductive age in LMICs. Methods The literature search was conducted through the following databases: Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, EBSCOhost (Academic search complete, CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE with full text, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO), Emerald, Embase, published and peer reviewed journals, organizational projects, reference list, grey literature as well as reports related to this objective were included in the study. Studies reporting evidence on interventions aimed at enabling access to health care information in LMICs published during the period 2004 to until recent, were eligible for inclusion. Identified key words were used to search articles from the databases. Following title screening, two reviewers independently reviewed the abstracts and full articles. Inclusion and exclusion criteria was considered to guide the screening. Results A total of 451 900 articles were identified from all the databases searched. Of these, four articles meet inclusion criteria after full article screening and were included for data extraction. The included articles were conducted in the following countries: Eastern Uganda, Gauteng, South Africa, Myanmar and Nepal. The themes that emerged from our study are as follows: accessibility, financial accessibility/affordability, connectivity and challenges. This study demonstrated that, there are minimal interventions that enable women of reproductive age to access healthcare information in terms of accessibility, financial accessibility and connectivity. The study further revealed that with the minimal strategies tried, such as telemedicine and text messages, a large population of women could be reached and this strategies are less cost. Conclusion The findings of the study revealed poor access and utilization of maternal healthcare information by women of reproductive age. We therefore recommend primary studies in other LMICs to determine the accessibility, financial accessibility, connectivity and challenges faced by women of reproductive age in LMICs to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality rate and to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 3.

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“…Furthermore, significant discrepancies between needed and provided information are likely also barriers to breast cancer screening, particularly in provinces such as the South of Sumatera and Yogyakarta. Further barriers to breast cancer screening included ethnicity and socio-economic background (Jack et al, 2014;Okoronkwo et al, 2015). It is also important that the limitations of this study be highlighted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness Level about Breast Cancer Risk Factors, Barriers, Attitude and Breast Cancer Screening among Indonesian Women

Solikhah

Promthet

Hurst

2019

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Background:Globally, breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women and is a leading cause of mortality in Indonesia. Raising awareness of breast cancer is particularly important to help at risk women seek medical treatment for this disease. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the Indonesian women’s level of knowledge about breast cancer risk factors, barriers, attitude and breast cancer screening.Methods:This population-based cross-sectional study administered the breast cancer awareness Indonesian scale (BCAS-I) to 856 Indonesian women. Samples were selected in rural and urban combinations from three provinces by stratified random sampling. The ordinal logistic model was used to investigate the clustering effect of the participant’s characteristics in this study.Results:Of the women, 62% lived in rural areas and 38% lived in urban areas. Living in an urban area was significantly associated with a lower knowledge of the risk factors. However, living in an urban area was significantly associated with better attitudes and healthier behaviours related to breast cancer awareness. Women with higher education levels had 70% worse attitudes toward breast cancer awareness. Women living South of Sumatera, women living in Yogyakarta, and unmarried women were 5.03, 3.84, and 1.56 times as likely to have higher perceived barriers, respectively.Conclusion:Urban women had a poorer level of knowledge of breast cancer risk factors compared to women living in more rural areas. The result of this study may reflect inadequate breast cancer awareness campaigns or a lack of breast cancer awareness campaigns. These findings suggest that additional education programs aiming to increase awareness and educate the public are needed.

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Financial barriers to utilization of screening and treatment services for breast cancer: An equity analysis in Nigeria

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

Inequity of healthcare utilization on mammography examination and Pap smear screening in Thailand: Analysis of a population-based household survey

Inequity of healthcare utilization on mammography examination and Pap smear screening in Thailand: Analysis of a population-based household survey

Evidence on access to health care information by women of reproductive age in Low-and-Middle-Income Countries: Scoping Review

Awareness Level about Breast Cancer Risk Factors, Barriers, Attitude and Breast Cancer Screening among Indonesian Women

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