Financial Conflicts of Interest and Conclusions About Neuraminidase Inhibitors for Influenza

Dunn, Adam G.; Arachi, Diana; Hudgins, Joel; Tsafnat, Guy; Coiera, Enrico; Bourgeois, Florence T.

doi:10.7326/m14-0933

Cited by 69 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…These studies have often examined financial and non-financial competing interests [10, 11, 15]. In each case, the analyses demonstrated that authors of systematic reviews may introduce biases in the design and reporting of systematic review to produce conclusions that are aligned with their interests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analyses in other domains have found that financial conflicts of interest can be associated with differences in the interpretation of the results when drawing conclusions and making recommendations [10–12]. Specific to mammography, an analysis of mostly primary studies showed that authors who worked directly in mammography screening were more likely to downplay or reject over-diagnosis than other authors [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conclusions in systematic reviews of mammography for breast cancer screening and associations with review design and author characteristics

et al. 2017

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BackgroundDebates about the benefits and harms of mammography continue despite the accumulation of evidence. We sought to quantify the disagreement across systematic reviews of mammography and determine whether author or design characteristics were associated with conclusions that were favourable to the use of mammography for routine breast cancer screening.MethodsWe identified systematic reviews of mammography published between January 2000 and November 2015, and extracted information about the selection of evidence, age groups, the use of meta-analysis, and authors’ professions and financial competing interest disclosures. Conclusions about specific age groups were graded as favourable if they stated that there were meaningful benefits, that benefits of mammography outweighed harms, or that harms were inconsequential. The main outcome measures were the proportions of favourable conclusions relative to review design and author characteristics.ResultsFrom 59 conclusions identified in 50 reviews, 42% (25/59) were graded as favourable by two investigators. Among the conclusions produced by clinicians, 63% (12/19) were graded as favourable compared to 32% (13/40) from other authors. In the 50–69 age group where the largest proportion of systematic reviews were focused, conclusions drawn by authors without financial competing interests (odds ratio 0.06; 95% CI 0.07–0.56) and non-clinicians (odds ratio 0.11; 95% CI 0.01–0.84) were less likely to be graded as favourable. There was no trend in the proportion of favourable conclusions over the period, and we found no significant association between review design characteristics and favourable conclusions.ConclusionsDifferences in the conclusions of systematic reviews of the evidence for mammography have persisted for 15 years. We found no strong evidence that design characteristics were associated with greater support for the benefits of mammography in routine breast cancer screening. Instead, the results suggested that the specific expertise and competing interests of the authors influenced the conclusions of systematic reviews.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13643-017-0495-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conclusions in systematic reviews of mammography for breast cancer screening and associations with review design and author characteristics

et al. 2017

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“…хорошо известно, что многие ис-следования с отрицательным результатом часто не публикуются. Систематические обзоры эффективности ингибиторов нейраминидазы продемонстрировали эффективность в 88% в исследованиях с конфликтом интересов, и только 17% -без такового [19].…”

Section: мета-анализы исследований и систематические обзорыunclassified

Drugs Efficiency and Safety: The Role of Pharmaceutical Industry

Belyalov

2015

Racionalʹnaâ farmakoterapiâ v kardiologii

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Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования 664049, Иркутск, микрорайон Юбилейный, 100Проанализированы связи фармацевтической индустрии с медицинской наукой и практикой. Рассмотрены вопросы влияния фармацевтических компаний на иссле-дования лекарственных препаратов, на публикации результатов исследований, на государственные контролирующие органы, врачей и научных работников. Relationships of pharmaceutical industry with medical science and practice are analyzed. The influence of pharmaceutical industry on clinical trials, journal publications, governmental organizations, physicians and researchers is discussed.

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“…Bolstered by this ease of electronic literature searches, however, although publications of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) have increased exponentially over the last decade, there has not been comparable improvement in methodological rigor or reporting standards [2]. Meanwhile, studies linking favorable meta-analysis outcomes with financial conflicts of interest of authors have highlighted the susceptibility of SRMAs to manipulation [3–5]. Amidst these findings, while some have questioned the position of SRMAs as the highest level of evidence [6], others have called for ensuring greater objectivity and reproducibility in producing them [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inadequate diversity of information resources searched in US-affiliated systematic reviews and meta-analyses: 2005–2016

Pradhan

Garnick

Barkondaj

et al. 2018

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

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Objective: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) rely upon comprehensive searches into diverse resources that catalog primary studies. However, since what constitutes a comprehensive search is unclear, we examined trends in databases searched from 2005–2016, surrounding the publication of search guidelines in 2013, and associations between resources searched and evidence of publication bias in SRMAs involving human subjects. Study Design: To ensure comparability of included SRMAs over the 12 years in the face of a near 100-fold increase of international SRMAs (mainly genetic studies from China) during this period, we focused on USA-affiliated SRMAs, manually reviewing 100 randomly selected SRMAs from those published in each year. After excluding articles (mainly for inadequate detail or out-of-scope methods), we identified factors associated with the databases searched, used network analysis to see which resources were simultaneously searched, and used logistic regression to link information sources searched with a lower chance of finding publication bias. Results: Among 817 SRMA articles studied, the common resources used were Medline (95%), EMBASE (44%), and Cochrane (41%). Methods journal SRMAs were most likely to use registries and grey literature resources. We found substantial co-searching of resources with only published materials, and not complemented by searches of registries and the grey literature. The 2013 guideline did not substantially increase searching of registries and grey literature resources to retrieve primary studies for the SRMAs. When used to augment Med-line, Scopus (in all SRMAs) and ClinicalTrials.gov (in SRMAs with safety outcomes) were negatively associated with publication bias. Conclusions: Even SRMAs that search multiple sources tend to search similar resources. Our study supports searching Scopus and CTG in addition to Medline to reduce the chance of publication bias.

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Financial Conflicts of Interest and Conclusions About Neuraminidase Inhibitors for Influenza

Abstract: Australian National Health and Medical Research Council.

Cited by 69 publications

References 60 publications

Conclusions in systematic reviews of mammography for breast cancer screening and associations with review design and author characteristics

Conclusions in systematic reviews of mammography for breast cancer screening and associations with review design and author characteristics

Drugs Efficiency and Safety: The Role of Pharmaceutical Industry

Inadequate diversity of information resources searched in US-affiliated systematic reviews and meta-analyses: 2005–2016

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