“…Aside from demographic and GDP-related variables, financial sector development is also considered to be a crucial determinant of saving rates, but the direction of its impact is ambiguous theoretically as well as empirically. Wang, Xu, and Xu's (2011) theoretical analysis of the impact of financial sector development on the saving rate finds that, if both households and firms are subject to financial friction and if the financial sector development occurs first in the corporate sector and then spreads to the household sector (a likely scenario), then financial sector development will have a hump-shaped impact on the saving rate, initially increasing the saving rate by increasing firms' ability to borrow and invest but then reducing the saving rate by weakening the precautionary saving incentives of households. Turning to empirical studies, Loayza, et al (2000) as well as Horioka and Yin (2010) find that financial sector development has a negative impact on the saving rate, Park and Shin (2009) find that its impact is insignificant, and Wang, Xu, and Xu (2011) find a hump-shaped relationship.…”