Financial impact of sarcopenia on hospitalization costs

Sousa, Ana; Guerra, Rita S.; Fonseca, Isabel; Pichel, Fernando; Ferreira, Sofia; Amaral, Teresa

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.73

Cited by 156 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Sarcopenia and undernutrition are both associated with higher care costs and several adverse health outcomes, namely poor quality of life, prolonged length of stay in hospital and mortality . Routine undernutrition identification is increasing in the clinical practice, but sarcopenia remains poorly identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 This syndrome was recently pointed out as a prognostic indicator for long-term mortality in hospitalised older patients. 9 Sarcopenia and undernutrition are both associated with higher care costs 10,11 and several adverse health outcomes, namely poor quality of life, 12,13 prolonged length of stay in hospital 11,14,15 and mortality. 11,16,17 Routine undernutrition identification is increasing in the clinical practice, but sarcopenia remains poorly identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Factors associated with sarcopenia and undernutrition in older adults

Sousa‐Santos

Afonso

Borges

et al. 2019

Nutrition & Dietetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim The aim of this study was to describe sarcopenia frequency, to identify the factors associated with sarcopenia and undernutrition, and to evaluate their coexistence. Methods A total of 1500 Portuguese older adults aged ≥65 years from the Nutrition UP 65 study were evaluated using a cross‐sectional analysis. Sarcopenia was defined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP)2 guidelines (2018), using anthropometric measures. Undernutrition status was evaluated by Mini‐Nutritional Assessment‐Short Form. Results Sarcopenia frequency was 4.4% (n = 66). Sarcopenia coexists with undernutrition or undernutrition risk in 1.5% of this sample. In the multivariate analysis, sarcopenia was directly associated with age >75 years (odds ratio (OR): 2.14; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–3.84), undernutrition or undernutrition risk (OR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.01–3.43) and inversely associated with male gender (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29–0.97), overweight (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.13–0.42) or obesity (OR: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01–0.09) and moderate alcohol consumption (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.24–0.90). Undernutrition or undernutrition risk was associated with a poor or very poor self‐perception of health status (OR: 3.53; 95% CI: 2.32–5.37), a low physical activity level (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.23–2.47), sarcopenia (OR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.02–3.36), and being overweight (OR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.27–0.59) or obese (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.28–0.65). Conclusions The majority of the older adults presented low muscle strength (probable sarcopenia), but only a small number had concomitantly low muscle quantity or quality (sarcopenia). Coexistence between these conditions is low which reinforces the need to assess them both individually during geriatric assessment.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with sarcopenia and undernutrition in older adults

Sousa‐Santos

Afonso

Borges

et al. 2019

Nutrition & Dietetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Accordingly, sarcopenia results in a heavy public health burden. A reduction in sarcopenia of just 10% would save $1.1 billion in health care savings by reducing major surgeries and hospitalization in patients (Sousa et al, 2016). Therefore, developing cost-effective interventions to improve muscle mass and strength in sarcopenic patients is vital for healthy aging, and is important to improve survival rates in the elderly and reduce social and economic burdens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Inflammation and Downstream Protein Metabolism in Sarcopenia: A Brief Up-Dated Description of Concurrent Exercise and Leucine-Based Multimodal Intervention

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sarcopenia is defined as the progressive loss of muscle mass with age, and poses a serious threat to the physiological and psychological health of the elderly population with consequential economic and social burdens. Chronic low-grade inflammation plays a central role in the development of sarcopenia such that it alters cellular protein metabolism to favor proteolysis over synthesis, and thereby accelerates muscular atrophy. The purpose of this review is to highlight how exercise and nutrition intervention strategies can attenuate or treat sarcopenia. Resistance exercise increases not only muscle mass but also muscle strength, while aerobic exercise is able to ameliorate the age-related metabolic disorders. Concurrent exercise training integrates the advantages of both aerobic and resistance exercise, and may exert a significant synergistic effect in the aging organism. Higher protein intakes rich in the amino acid leucine appear to restore skeletal muscle protein metabolism balance by rescuing protein synthesis in older adults. There is good reason to believe that a multimodal treatment, a combination of exercise and increased leucine consumption in the diet, can combat some of the muscle loss associated with aging. Future research is needed to consolidate these findings to humans, and to further clarify to what extent and by which mechanisms protein metabolism might be directly involved in sarcopenia pathogenesis and the multimodal treatment responses.

show abstract

“…Intriguingly, 30% of cancer patients die due to cachexia, while more than 50% of patients die with cachexia being present [22]. The healthcare costs were reported around 18.5 billion dollar in the US in 2000 [23] and it was estimated for Europe that sarcopenia leads to increases in hospitalization costs between 34% and 58% [24].…”

Section: Definitions Epidemiology and Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Age Matters: Inflammation, Cancer and Hormones in the Development of Sarcopenia

Saul¹,

Af²,

Kosinsky³

2017

J Osteopor Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In an aging population, the decline in muscle mass and strength in combination with a high prevalence of osteoporosis and cancer leads to a multitude of clinical manifestations. In the recent years, mouse models of wasting in cancer and inflammation, including xenograft, genetic and chemically induced models, allowed to uncover several key mechanisms underlying muscle loss. These include inflammation, hormone alterations and deregulated protein degradation. Inflammation is associated with increased expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and interleukin (IL)-6 and is therefore linked to inflammatory bowel diseases or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Moreover, active NF-κB signaling and IL-6 secretion commonly occurs in malignancies and cancer-induced cachexia. The ubiquitin proteasome-mediated degradation of proteins represents a second pathway underlying sarcopenia and is partially initiated by inflammatory signaling. Consequently, increased levels of the E3 ligases Muscle RING-Finger Protein-1 (MuRF1), Atrogin-1/Muscle Atrophy F-box (MAFbx), and tumor necrosis factor α receptor adaptor protein 6 (TRAF6) are associated with high rates of protein degradation. Furthermore, hormonal alterations, such as the aging-related decline of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), lead to a reduction of muscle mass.Interestingly, experimental targeting of several of those sarcopenia-associated factors in vivo resulted in a rescue of muscle mass and function. While therapeutic options nowadays still need to be evaluated regarding their clinical practicability, IL-6 antibodies, inhibition of cyclooxygenases and inhibitors of myostatin appear promising.

show abstract

Financial impact of sarcopenia on hospitalization costs

Abstract: Sarcopenia is independently related to hospitalization costs. This condition is estimated to increase hospitalization costs by 58.5% for patients aged <65 years and 34% for patients aged ⩾65 years.

Cited by 156 publications

References 30 publications

Factors associated with sarcopenia and undernutrition in older adults

Factors associated with sarcopenia and undernutrition in older adults

Targeting Inflammation and Downstream Protein Metabolism in Sarcopenia: A Brief Up-Dated Description of Concurrent Exercise and Leucine-Based Multimodal Intervention

Why Age Matters: Inflammation, Cancer and Hormones in the Development of Sarcopenia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About