Financial reform of basic education in China

Tsang, Mun C.

doi:10.1016/s0272-7757(96)00016-7

Cited by 130 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…7 The Rural Educational System and the Age and Educational Attainment of Rural-Urban Migrants Education became compulsory through middle school in rural China after passage of the Law on Compulsory Education in 1986 (Tsang, 1996). In practice, some rural areas took considerable time to meet this standard, and many rural areas still provide only …ve years of elementary education instead of the mandated six years.…”

Section: Rural-urban Migration In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas middle school completion is mandated by policy in China (Tsang, 1996), high school education is neither 1 Rosenzweig (2003) and Glewwe and Jacoby (1998) have both recently emphasized the trade o¤ between the short-run bene…ts of wage employment to poor households, who potentially face credit constraints, and long-run bene…ts associated with educational investment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China

Brauw

Giles

2016

J. Human Resources

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit company supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its research networks, research support, and visitors and doctoral programs. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China Alan de Brauw John Giles D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. In this paper, we investigate how reductions of barriers to migration affect the decision of middle school graduates to attend high school in rural China. Change in the cost of migration is identified using exogenous variation across counties in the timing of national identity card distribution, which made it easier for rural migrants to register as temporary residents in urban destinations. We show that timing of ID card distribution is unrelated to local rainfall shocks affecting demand for migration, and not related to proxies reflecting time-varying changes in village policy or administrative capacity. We find a robust negative relationship between migrant opportunity and high school enrollment. The mechanisms behind the negative relationship are suggested by observed increases in subsequent local and migrant non-agricultural employment of high school age young adults as the size of the current village migrant network increases. JEL Classification:O12, O15, J22, J24

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Section: Rural-urban Migration In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China

Brauw

Giles

2016

J. Human Resources

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“…After the 1985 education finance reform, extra-budgetary funds generated at the local level constituted an increasing share of total resources to China's compulsory education, and thus local governments (at and below the county level) became the primary financing source for budgetary expenditures on compulsory education (Tsang 1996;Tsang 2001).…”

Section: China's Compulsory Education System Since 1985mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural taxation reforms and compulsory education finance in china

Wen

Zhao

2012

Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting &Amp; Financial Management

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“…Additionally, the temporary migration of unskilled and semi-skilled labor also played a significant role in the transactions costs in rural labor market. Tsang (2002) [46] further suggested that fiscal decentralization led to growing disparities in the funding of basic education. For example, gender disparities, minority groups in rural areas still held low education attainment rates and enrollment rates [47].…”

Section: Inequality Of Social Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Decided College Access in Chinese Secondary Education? Rural-urban Inequality of Basic Education in Contemporary China

Li¹

2016

ujer

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This paper investigates the rural-urban inequalities in basic education of contemporary China. The China Education Panel Survey (2013-2014) (CEPS) was utilized to analyze the gaps between rural and urban inequality in junior high schools in terms of three domains, which include the equalities of access, inputs, and outcomes. From the sociocultural and sociopolitical perspective, the household registration system impeded the improvement and development of Chinese basic education. The study found that insufficient funding and support provided the cumulative negative impacts on educational mobility and equality. The regional basic education divide was caused by ineffective and unequal allocation of education resources. This analysis also addresses a number of pertinent economic and political issues related to basic education in current China.

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Financial reform of basic education in China

Cited by 130 publications

References 7 publications

Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China

Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China

Rural taxation reforms and compulsory education finance in china

Who Decided College Access in Chinese Secondary Education? Rural-urban Inequality of Basic Education in Contemporary China

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