Financial Stressors During the Great Recession and Subsequent Risk of Early Mortality

Bourassa, Kyle J.

doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000943

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Psychological stress and exposure to stressful life events are consistently associated with poor health and health‐relevant biomarkers (Bourassa, 2021; Cohen & Williamson, 1991; Cohen et al, 2007; Glaser et al, 1999; Noelke & Avendano, 2015; Phillips et al, 2001; Russ et al, 2012). Considerable research effort has been dedicated to disentangling the exact mechanisms that might explain how stressful life events influence health (Epel et al, 2018; Shields & Slavich, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular reactivity, stress, and personal emotional salience: Choose your tasks carefully

Bourassa

Sbarra

2022

Psychophysiology

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Both greater cardiovascular reactivity and lesser reactivity (“blunting”) to laboratory stressors are linked to poor health outcomes, including among people who have a history of traumatic experiences. In a sample of recently separated and divorced adults (N = 96), this study examined whether differences in cardiovascular reactivity might be explained by differences in the personal emotional salience of the tasks and trauma history. Participants were assessed for trauma history, current distress related to their marital dissolution, and cardiovascular reactivity during two tasks, a serial subtraction math stressor task and a divorce‐recall task. Participants with a greater trauma history evidenced less blood pressure reactivity to the serial subtraction task (a low personal emotional salience task) when compared to participants with less trauma history. In contrast, participants with a greater trauma history evidenced higher blood pressure reactivity to the divorce‐recall task, but only if they also reported more divorce‐related distress (high personal emotional salience). These associations were not significant for heart rate reactivity. Among people with a history of more traumatic experiences, a task with low personal salience was associated with a lower blood pressure response, whereas a task with higher personal emotional salience was associated with a higher blood pressure response. Future studies examining cardiovascular reactivity would benefit from determining the personal emotional salience of tasks, particularly for groups that have experienced stressful life events or trauma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular reactivity, stress, and personal emotional salience: Choose your tasks carefully

Bourassa

Sbarra

2022

Psychophysiology

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“…Economic circumstances may have enhanced the impact of financial resources. Indeed, financial stressors during the recession increased premature mortality risk (Bourassa, 2021). Second, participants' cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection status was unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Resources and lymphocyte terminal maturity among older adults.

Segerstrom¹,

Reed²,

Presnell³

et al. 2023

Health Psychology

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Objective: Women’s financial resources were associated with more terminal maturity in natural killer lymphocytes, generally associated with loss of proliferative potential, during the “Great Recession”. This preregistered analysis expanded on that finding in a longitudinal design including both genders and examining the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus. Method: Older adults (N = 138, 57% women) were assessed longitudinally during 2012–2017; including self-reported psychological, social, financial, and status-skill resources, CMV antibody titers and serostatus, and assessment of T and natural killer lymphocyte terminal maturity (LTM). Results: Neither total nor financial resources were associated with LTM. Adjusting only for age, more psychological resources (e.g., meaning, hope, humor) were associated with lower T LTM (percent: γ = −1.11 [−1.78, −.44]; number: γ = −.99 [−1.70, −.27]). There were no significant interactions with age, gender, or CMV serostatus; however, additionally adjusting for serostatus reduced the effect of psychological resources (percent: γ = −.41 [−93, .12]; number: (γ = −.40 [−.94, .13]). Conclusions: Outside the context of the “Great Recession”, psychological resources but not financial resources were associated with terminal maturity in T cells, a relationship related to CMV serostatus. Further studies in different and more diverse samples, and in different eras, are needed to understand what resources are most protective against immunological aging, when, and for whom.

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“…The MIDUS study includes extensive prior research on biopsychosocial pathways to mortality. For example, financial stress during the Great Recession has been linked to early mortality [40] while perceived control has been found to reduce mortality risk at low but not high levels of education [41], and SES combined with depressive affect and diurnal cortisol predicts all-cause mortality [42]. Other findings have linked changes in happiness to physical health and mortality [43]; well-being has also been combined with residential mobility to predict mortality [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unpacking Psychological Vulnerabilities in Deaths of Despair

Song,

Kang,

Ryff

2023

IJERPH

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Recent demographic findings show increased rates of death due to suicide, drug addictions, and alcoholism among midlife white adults of lower socioeconomic status (SES). These have been described as “deaths of despair” though little research has directly assessed psychological vulnerabilities. This study used longitudinal data from the Midlife in the U.S. (MIDUS) study to investigate whether low levels of eudaimonic and hedonic well-being predict increased risk of deaths of despair compared to other leading causes of death (cancer, heart disease). The investigation focused on 695 reported deaths with cause of death information obtained from 2004 to 2022 via NDI Plus. Key questions were whether risk for deaths due to despair (suicide, drug addiction, alcoholism) compared to deaths due to cancer or heart disease were differentially predicted by deficiencies in well-being, after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Low levels of purpose in life, positive relations with others, personal growth and positive affect predicted significantly greater likelihood of deaths of despair compared to deaths due to heart disease, with such patterns prominent among better-educated adults. The findings bring attention to ongoing intervention efforts to improve psychological well-being.

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Financial Stressors During the Great Recession and Subsequent Risk of Early Mortality

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Cardiovascular reactivity, stress, and personal emotional salience: Choose your tasks carefully

Cardiovascular reactivity, stress, and personal emotional salience: Choose your tasks carefully

Resources and lymphocyte terminal maturity among older adults.

Unpacking Psychological Vulnerabilities in Deaths of Despair

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