“…Financing efficacy is closely related to the development of enterprises as it not only alleviates the problem of capital shortages (He, Chen, and Hu 2019) and helps enterprises obtain financial support for stimulating capital accumulation (Ma, Wang, et al 2020), but also improves distribution efficiency and promotes the healthy and stable development of enterprises. However, as medium and small-sized enterprises are weak in innovating (Gollin 2008;Geng, Lai, and Zhu 2020;Xu, Chen, and Wang 2020) and attracting funds (Xu, Ricardo, et al 2020), the bank and bond financing modes they adopt (Zhan, Li, and Chen 2018;Biswas and Koufopoulos 2019) usually elicit interest rate fluctuations and default supervision (Gheeraert and Weill 2015). These can seriously constrain their attempts at improvement of financial efficiency (Khan et al 2017).…”