Finding a repellent against ticks: neurophysiological and behavioral approaches

Syed, Zainulabeuddin; O’Dell, Kenneth L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85411-5.00001-7

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…categorized repellency into five categories; (1) true/spatial repellents (orient away from the source without direct contact), (2) contact irritancy/excito‐repellency/landing inhibition (orient away from source after direct contact), (3) odor masking (reduction of the attractiveness of host or disruption of the location of the host through masking effect), (4) visual masking (reduction of the attractiveness of host or disruption of the location of the host through masking effect), and (5) antifeedant/deterrence (feeding activity disrupted by contact or ingestion of a chemical). Physiological detection mechanisms, chemical concentrations, experimental conditions, and additional experimental variables all contribute to the insect's response, making it difficult to compare results among different studies on different species 14,15 . Despite a broad characterization of the behavioral responses of arthropods towards pyrethroids, many reports focus on mosquitoes or other disease vectors, typically capable of flight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physiological detection mechanisms, chemical concentrations, experimental conditions, and additional experimental variables all contribute to the insect's response, making it difficult to compare results among different studies on different species. 14,15 Despite a broad characterization of the behavioral responses of arthropods towards pyrethroids, many reports focus on mosquitoes or other disease vectors, typically capable of flight. While urban pests, such as the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), have been evaluated for their behavioral responses to pyrethroids, most assays focus exclusively on endpoint data, with no or limited information on real-time movement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral responses of field‐collected German cockroaches to pyrethroids and pyrethroid‐formulated insecticides

Gaire,

Sierras,

Morgan

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDPyrethroids are synthetic insecticides with low mammalian toxicity and broad‐spectrum activity across insects. One major challenge with pyrethroids is their perceived repellency. This perception can influence decisions made by pest control operators, especially when insecticides are used to reduce insect entry into or movement within structures. One major indoor pest that has been repeatedly shown to be repelled by some pyrethroids is the German cockroach, Blattella germanica. However, most experiments evaluating pyrethroid repellency in the German cockroach have utilized end‐point assays, which do not provide information on the movement which led to the final position. Therefore, we evaluated the kinetic behavioral response of field‐collected German cockroaches to five pyrethroid‐based products and their active ingredients (A.I.) in open behavioral arenas using advanced video tracking software. In addition, in an effort to compare our free‐moving experiments with end‐point assays, we evaluated sheltering behavior using two‐choice harborage arrestment assays where German cockroaches were provided a choice between pyrethroid‐treated and untreated shelters.RESULTSAll pyrethroid‐formulated products and their respective A.I.'s failed to affect field‐collected German cockroach movement behavior in free‐moving assays, while positive controls (DEET, corn mint oil) resulted in reduced time spent by German cockroaches in treated areas. However, despite their willingness to move over pyrethroids‐treated surfaces, field‐collected German cockroaches displayed a reduced propensity to arrest on pyrethroids treated tents.CONCLUSIONWhile most pyrethroids/pyrethroid‐formulated products affected German cockroach arrestment, pyrethroids and pyrethroid‐formulated products failed to change German cockroach movement behavior in free‐moving assays. These results indicate the pyrethroids tested act as contact irritants rather than true‐spatial repellents on field‐collected German cockroaches. This distinction is critical to refining pest management strategies involving pyrethroids.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%