Mathematical programming, and above all, the multi-objective scheduling
problems stand as remarkably versatile tools, highly useful for optimizing
the health care services. In this context, the present work is designed to
put forward two-fold multi-objective mixed integer linear programs,
simultaneously integrating the objectives of minimizing the patients? total
waiting and flow time, while minimizing the doctors' work-load variations.
For this purpose, the three major health-care system intervening actors are
simultaneously considered, namely, the patients, doctors and machines. To
the best of our knowledge, such an issue does not seem to be actually
addressed in the relevant literature. To this end, we opt for implementing
an appropriate lexicographic method, whereby, effective solutions enabling
to minimize the performance of two-objective functions could be used to
solve randomly generated small cases. Mathematical models of our study have
been resolved using the CPLEX software. Then, results have been
comparatively assessed in terms of both objectives and CPU times. A real
laser-treatment case study, involving a set of diabetic retinopathy patients
in the ophthalmology department in Habib Bourguiba Hospital in Sfax,
Tunisia, helps in illustrating the effective practicality of our advanced
approach. To resolve the treated problem, we use three relevant heuristics
which have been compared to the first-come first-served rule. We find that
the program based on our second formulation with time-limit provided the
best solution in terms of total flow time.