Finding space for offshore wind to support net zero: A methodology to assess spatial constraints and future scenarios, illustrated by a UK case study

Putuhena, H. S.; White, David; Gourvenec, Susan; Sturt, Fraser

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2023.113358

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This means that at least 70 GW of offshore energy needs to be installed every year to achieve that target. This would require more than 5000 new turbines to be installed yearly, thereby occupying around 500,000 km 2 of space in the world's oceans [4]. As a result, new offshore wind lease areas are being designated in the territorial waters of countries worldwide to meet their respective targets.…”

Section: Introduction 1background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Extreme Wind and Waves Using Different Statistical Methods in 40 Offshore Wind Energy Lease Areas Worldwide

Bhaskaran,

Verma,

Goupee

et al. 2023

Energies

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With the ongoing global drive towards renewable energy, several potential offshore wind energy lease areas worldwide have come into focus. This study aims to estimate the extreme wind and wave conditions across several newly designated offshore wind lease sites spanning six continents that are crucial for risk assessment and the design of offshore wind turbines. Firstly, the raw data of wind speeds and wave heights prevailing in these different lease areas were obtained. Following this, an in-depth extreme value analysis was performed over different return periods. Two principal methodologies were applied for this comparative study: the block-maxima and the peaks-over-threshold (POT) approaches. Various statistical techniques, including the Gumbel method of moments, Gumbel maximum likelihood, Gumbel least-squares, and the three-parameter GEV, were employed under the block-maxima approach to obtain the distribution parameters. The threshold for the POT approach was defined using the mean residual life method, and the distribution parameters were obtained using the maximum likelihood method. The Gumbel least-squares method emerged as the most conservative estimator of extreme values in the majority of cases, while the POT approach generally yielded lower extreme values compared to the block-maxima approach. However, the results from the POT approach showed large variations based on the selected threshold. This comprehensive study’s findings will provide valuable input for the efficient planning, design, and construction of future offshore wind farms.

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Section: Introduction 1background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the size of wind turbines has been increasing steadily to maximize the use of the available wind energy potential. Large wind turbines can have a rotor diameter reaching up to 260 m and correspondingly large hub heights [4], thus posing new design challenges [5].…”

Section: Introduction 1background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Extreme Wind and Waves Using Different Statistical Methods in 40 Offshore Wind Energy Lease Areas Worldwide

Bhaskaran,

Verma,

Goupee

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…The starting point for this analysis is a study of the likely ocean space where future OW will be developed (Putuhena et al, 2023). The study reviewed 34 constraint layers due to anthropogenic, ecological, metocean and geomorphic features or uses of ocean space.…”

Section: Finding Space For the Uk's Offshore Wind Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geospatial assessment of future floating offshore wind challenges: UK case study exploring drag anchor suitability and requirements

Putuhena,

White,

Gourvenec

et al.

9th International SUT Offshore Site Investigation Geotechnics Conference Proceedings “Innovative Geotechnologies for Energy Tra

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The majority of the UK's future offshore wind (OW) will be located in deeper water (>60m) where the turbines will be on floating platforms, secured by mooring systems. The UK's government's net zero targets and energy security strategy require rapid deployment of new offshore wind capacity, at approximately ten times the rate of the past five years. This rapid growth, alongside the change to floating wind, presents many challenges, including the need for a new supply chain. This paper reports a geospatial analysis that explores the distribution of future offshore wind development around the UK sea regions and examines the implications for the mooring system market and supply chain. This analysis illustrates how geospatial analysis can be used to apply aspects of offshore wind design at a regional scale, providing associated market and supply chain forecasts, as well as the needs for research and the opportunities for innovation. This analysis focusses on the installation suitability and concept-level sizing of a common anchor type - the drag embedment anchor - across the UK sea regions. This methodology leads to an estimate of the number and weight of drag anchors and the length and weight of mooring chain needed for the offshore wind growth in each UK region for net zero. This analysis indicates the required major supply chain growth, which could present a bottleneck to meeting net zero.

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Future global offshore wind energy under climate change and advanced wind turbine technology

Jung,

Sander,

Schindler

2024

Energy Conversion and Management

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Finding space for offshore wind to support net zero: A methodology to assess spatial constraints and future scenarios, illustrated by a UK case study

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Comparison of Extreme Wind and Waves Using Different Statistical Methods in 40 Offshore Wind Energy Lease Areas Worldwide

Comparison of Extreme Wind and Waves Using Different Statistical Methods in 40 Offshore Wind Energy Lease Areas Worldwide

Geospatial assessment of future floating offshore wind challenges: UK case study exploring drag anchor suitability and requirements

Future global offshore wind energy under climate change and advanced wind turbine technology

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