Fine Mapping of Loci on BTA2 and BTA26 Associated with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Persistent Infection and Linked with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Cattle

Abstract

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is considered to be the most costly infectious disease in the cattle industry. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the pathogens involved with the BRD complex of disease. BVDV infection also negatively impacts cow reproduction and calf performance. Loci associated with persistently infected animals (BVD-PI) and linked with BRD have previously been identified near 14 Mb on bovine chromosome 2 (BTA2) and 15.3 Mb on bovine chromosome 26 (BTA26). The objective of this study was to refine the loci associated with BVD-PI and linked with BRD. Association testing for BVD-PI was performed on a population of 65 BVD-PI calves, 51 of their dams, and 60 unaffected calves (controls) with 142 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on BTA2 and 173 SNPs on BTA26. Comparisons were made between BVD-PI calves and controls calves and the dams of BVD-PI calves and controls calves. For the linkage analysis of BRD, the same markers were used to genotype two half-sib families consisting of the sires and 72 BRD positive and 148 BRD negative offspring. Using an allelic chi-square test, 11 loci on BTA2 and 8 loci on BTA26 were associated with the dams of the BVD-PI calves (P < 0.05) and 4 loci on BTA2 and 11 loci on BTA26 were associated with BVD-PI calves. This demonstrates that although some of the loci on BTA2 and BTA26 are jointly involved in the fetal and dam response to BVD-PI infection, there are loci that are solely associated with the maternal or fetal susceptibility to disease. One locus on BTA2 and two loci on BTA26 were found to be linked (P < 0.05) with BRD. The regions linked with BRD were also associated with BVD-PI demonstrating that both the broad (BRD) and narrow (BVD-PI) definition of disease identified shared genomic regions as important in disease susceptibility. These results further refined the loci associated with BVD-PI and linked with BRD.

The Use of Kosher Phenotyping for Mapping QTL Affecting Susceptibility to Bovine Respiratory Disease

“…QTL 2 on BTA 1 ( Table 2 ) is within a QTLR affecting "Veterinary treatments" located at 91.9–97.3 Mb [ 61 ] and near a QTL located at 91.6–91.7 Mb affecting heat tolerance in beef cattle [ 62 ]. QTLR 5 on BTA 2 is near a BRD QTL [ 25 ]; QTLR 11 on BTA 12 and QTLR 18 on BTA 26 overlap BRD QTLs [ 14 ] and a BVD QTL region associated with the bovine viral diarrhea persistent infection, a virus frequently identified as a causative pathogen for BRD outbreaks [ 63 ]. QTL associated with carcass, production, reproduction and behavior traits were reported in different cattle breeds in the region of QRLR 19 on BTA 20 [ 64 ].…”

RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) Based Transcriptome Analysis in Immune Response of Holstein Cattle to Killed Vaccine against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Type I

“…This fetal infection affects fetal development [7], and results in persistently infected born calves, shedding lifelong reservoir of BVDV in the herd, while cytopathic BVDV plays a vital role by superinfecting persistently infected cattle, leading to mucosal disease [5]. In addition, recent studies reported that the immunosuppressive ability of BVDV heightens other viral disease potentiators, particularly the bovine respiratory disease [8][9][10]. The differences in genotypes and biotypes of BVDV, a wide range of susceptible hosts, the ability to induce persistent infection, and intervene with both innate and adaptive immunity, makes the prevention and control program difficult [4].…”

Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview

“…Furthermore, QTL region 11 and QTL region 18 coincided with BRD-related QTLs on BTA 12 and BTA 26, respectively [244]. A QTL associated with BVD was found to correlate with persistent BVD presence, a virus often involved in BRD outbreaks [245]. The findings also demonstrated that QTLs linked to carcass quality, productivity, reproductive success, and behavioral traits increased in prevalence from QTL region 19 to BTA 20 across various cattle breeds [246].…”