Fine motor skill proficiency in obese children

Test of Motor Proficiency Second Edition (BOT-2) Short Form: A Systematic Review of Studies Conducted in Healthy Children

“…Additionaly, studies that used BOT-2 for measuring motor competence showed that it is increasing throught early childhood as well as fact that girls outperform boys in the variables of fine motor skills, while boys outperform girls when it comes to the variables of gross motor skills [ 42 , 50 , 51 , 57 ]. When the variable of age is calculated, only first-grade and second-grade participants have shown expected results, compared to normative data [ 40 , 43 ]. Low socioeconomic status negatively affects motor skills efficiency [ 54 ], body mass index is not a significant factor when it comes to the correlation of children’s participation in sports and motor skill efficiency [ 48 ], and children that frequently use modern technology have shown a deficit in visual perception and motor skills [ 49 , 56 ].…”

“…The studies by Gaul [ 40 ] and Gaul & Issartel [ 43 ] differ in that the participants in the first study were first graders, in the second study they were second graders, and both age categories were the only ones to achieve the expected results. Somewhat older participants in both studies did not show the expected results, which can be attributed to the fact that motor skills should develop gradually as children progress through primary school grades.…”

“…This study included a total of 3893 participants (3118 participants in cross-sectional and 775 in pre-post design studies). Differences between various age categories were assessed by two studies [40,43], while gender differences were assessed in three studies [33,37,40], along with the assessment of the difference between the two nations [47]. Combined training was evaluated by one study [58], while gymnastics programs were evaluated by two studies [51,55].…”