Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Flow Cytometry in the Diagnosis and Subclassification of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Based on the World Health Organization Classification

Bangerter, Markus; Brudler, O; Heinrich, Bernhard; Grießhammer, Martin

doi:10.1159/000325753

Cited by 50 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…However, such classification can be performed in several cases by combining cytological features with FC profiles [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. On the basis of CD5/CD10 expression, lymphoid populations can be divided into 4 groups: CD10+/CD5-; CD10-/CD5+; CD10-/CD5-, and CD10+/CD5+ [3].…”

Section: Small-b-cell Nhlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sensitivity and specificity of lymph node FNC for the diagnosis and classification of NHL, combined with FC, range from 75 [4] to 99% [5] and from 87 [6] to 100% [4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16], respectively [17,18,19]. According to these data, lymph node FNC/FC has a high sensitivity and specificity in the distinction between reactive and lymphomatous proliferations but a variable degree of accuracy in terms of NHL classification (table 1).…”

Section: Introduction/backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lymph Node Fine-Needle Cytology of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Diagnosis and Classification by Flow Cytometry

et al. 2016

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In the last decades, lymph node fine-needle cytology (FNC), coupled with flow cytometry (FC), has gained a role in the diagnosis and classification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The combination of FNC/FC allows the diagnosis and classification of NHL in lymph node samples with a high sensitivity and specificity by combining cytological features and specific phenotypic profiles. The present review provides a brief technical description of FC and a detailed analysis of the current markers and their combinations (diagnostic algorithm) for the diagnosis and classification of NHL. The basic principles of clonality assessment, as well as the diagnostic strengths and weaknesses of the procedure, are reported. The current diagnostic algorithms for NHL classification are critically reviewed with a focus on specific problems related to single entities. Moreover, this review provides a detailed analysis of the different clinical contexts in which FNC/FC is performed and related implications. Future and further applications of FNC/FC for NHL are also discussed.

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Section: Small-b-cell Nhlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction/backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymph Node Fine-Needle Cytology of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Diagnosis and Classification by Flow Cytometry

et al. 2016

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“…1, 2). These tests provide useful information regarding clonality, or distinctive chromosomal/molecular abnormalities associated with specific entities and lymphoid cell lineages, confirming NHL diagnosis - albeit with some exceptions and limitations [5,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. Classical cytogenetics include the routine analysis of G-banded chromosomes and other cytogenetic banding techniques for the study of cell structure and chromosomes.…”

Section: Cytogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, despite a general high sensitivity in clonality assessment by light chain and specific phenotypes, a small but definite percentage of undefined cases occurs in all the series reported [2]. The accuracy rate in subtyping classifications of specific non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) entities by LN FNC/FC also ranges between 51 and 95%, with the unclassified cases only defined as B-cell or T-cell NHL [2,3,4,5,6]. In the meantime, spectacular progress in genetic and molecular knowledge and procedures has progressed the diagnostics of tumors, and specifically of NHL, toward a more individual definition of the single entities and personalized corresponding therapies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymph Node Fine-Needle Cytology: Beyond Flow Cytometry

Peluso

Ieni²,

Mignogna³

et al. 2016

Acta Cytologica

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Lymph node (LN) fine-needle cytology (FNC) coupled with flow cytometry immunophenotyping provides relevant information for the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Numerous studies have shown FNC samples to be suitable for different molecular procedures; in this review, some of the molecular procedures most commonly employed for NHL are briefly described and evaluated in this perspective. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and chromogenic in situ hybridization are briefly described. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays are used to identify and quantify mutations and translocations, namely immunoglobulin (IGH) and T-cell receptor rearrangements by clonality testing and IGVH somatic hypermutations either by Sanger sequencing, single-strand conformational polymorphisms or RT-PCR strategies. High-throughput technologies (HTT) encompass numerous and different diagnostic tools that share the capacity of multiple molecular investigation and sample processing in a fast and reproducible manner. HTT includes gene expression profiling, comparative genomic hybridization, single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays and next-generation sequencing technologies. A brief description of these tools and their potential application to LN FNC is reported. The challenge for FNC will be to achieve new knowledge and apply new technologies to FNC, exploiting its own basic qualities.

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“…30 In non-Hodgkin lymphoma the most important cytological feature is the monomorphic population of lymphoid cells. 31 Additionally, none of the previously described conditions is characterized by a prominent emperipolesis, as was observed in SHML.…”

Section: Malignant Histiocytosismentioning

confidence: 95%

A case report of Rosai Dorfman disease

Waghray¹,

Waghray²

2018

Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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<p>Rosai-Dorfman’s disease also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) is characterized by distorted lymph node architecture with marked dilation of lymphatic sinuses occupied by numerous lymphocytes, as well as histiocytes with vesicular nucleus and abundant clear cytoplasm with phagocytized lymphocytes or plasma cells, also known as ‘emperipolesis’. This disease of unknown etiology progresses with a benign prognosis strictly and only when an early diagnosis and treatment is made. A late diagnosis and a generalized lymph node involvement contribute to a poor prognosis. We reported a case of a 29-year-old Indian female with a 4-month history of painful unilateral cervical mass and low-grade fever with the final diagnosis of Rosai-Dorfman disease. The final diagnosis was made by fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the cervical lymph node. In conclusion, FNA biopsy can be enough to make the diagnosis in most cases due to the distinct cytological features of SHML, thereby avoiding more invasive approaches that potentially are unnecessary.</p>

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Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Flow Cytometry in the Diagnosis and Subclassification of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Based on the World Health Organization Classification

Cited by 50 publications

References 54 publications

Lymph Node Fine-Needle Cytology of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Diagnosis and Classification by Flow Cytometry

Lymph Node Fine-Needle Cytology of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Diagnosis and Classification by Flow Cytometry

Lymph Node Fine-Needle Cytology: Beyond Flow Cytometry

A case report of Rosai Dorfman disease

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