Fine‐needle aspiration of adult small‐round‐cell tumors studied with flow cytometry

Leon, Marino E.; Hou, Jian-guo; Galindo, Lorenzo M.; Garcia, Fernando U.

doi:10.1002/dc.20074

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In pediatric patients, micrometastatic cells were detected in neurobalstoma and rhabdomyosarcoma (13)(14)(15). Only a few reports used FC for the diagnosis of ES tumors for the combination of CD45À/CD99þ (22,27). The feasibility of FC to detect circulating and micrometastatic ES cells was recently published by Dubois and colleagues (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its expression in ES is controversial. By immunohistochemistry, ES tumors were found to be negative for CD56 expression (40) and a few case reports of ES tumors reported positivity by immunohistochemistry (41) or by FC (22,24,27). This controversy could be explained by the use of different monoclonal antibodies directed to different isoforms on the NCAM molecule (38,42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CD56 is expressed in a wide spectrum of neoplasms including epithelial neoplasms, some cases of ES and PNET (23)(24)(25)(26). FC using CD99, CD56, and CD45 has been used to evaluate ES tumor samples by applying the profile CD99þ/ CD45À and CD99þ/CD56þ/CD45À (24,27). In addition, the coexpression of bright CD90 increases the accuracy of ES diagnosis (22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Excellent Prognosis in a Subset of Patients with Ewing Sarcoma Identified at Diagnosis by CD56 Using Flow Cytometry

Ash

Luria

Cohen

et al. 2011

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose: Ewing sarcoma (ES) is considered a systemic disease with the majority of patients harboring micrometastases at diagnosis. Multiparameter flow cytometry (MPFC) was used to detect ES cells in bone marrow (BM) of ES patients at diagnosis and to evaluate the prognostic significance of CD56 expression in BM samples.Experimental Design: BM samples from 46 ES patients, 6 tumor aspirates, 2 ES cell lines, and 10 control BM samples were analyzed by MPFC. ES cells were identified by the combination of CD45À/CD90þ/ CD99þ. CD56 was evaluated on these cells by a cutoff of 22%.Results: BM samples obtained from all patients at diagnosis were found to be positive for micrometastatic tumor cells assessed by CD99þ/CD90þ/CD45À expression. A total of 60% of the BM samples harbored high CD56 expression. There was a highly significant correlation between CD56 expression and progression-free survival (PFS; 69% in low/negative expression versus 30% in high expression groups, P ¼ 0.024). In patients with localized nonpelvic disease, those expressing low/negative CD56 had 100% PFS versus 40% in the high expressing group (P ¼ 0.02).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Excellent Prognosis in a Subset of Patients with Ewing Sarcoma Identified at Diagnosis by CD56 Using Flow Cytometry

Ash

Luria

Cohen

et al. 2011

Clinical Cancer Research

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“…(10) This technique relies on the characteristic CD99-positive/CD45-negative (CD99+CD45−) immunophenotype of Ewing sarcoma cells. (11, 12) While this approach does not require knowledge of the specific EWSR1 translocation, the flow cytometry approach is less sensitive than PCR, with a sensitivity of approximately 1 tumor cell in 500,000 hematopoietic cells. (10)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Two Measures of Micrometastatic Disease on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Ewing Sarcoma: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group

Edwards

Epling

et al. 2016

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose Flow cytometry and RT-PCR can detect occult Ewing sarcoma (ES) cells in the blood and bone marrow (BM). These techniques were used to evaluate the prognostic significance of micrometastatic disease in ES. Experimental Design Newly diagnosed patients with ES were enrolled on two prospective multi-center studies. In the flow cytometry cohort, patients were defined as “positive” for BM micrometastatic disease if their CD99+/CD45− values were above the upper limit in 22 control patients. In the PCR cohort, RT-PCR on blood or BM samples classified the patients as “positive” or “negative” for EWSR1/FLI1 translocations. The association between micrometastatic disease burden with clinical features and outcome was assessed. Co-expression of IGF-1R on detected tumor cells was performed in a subset of flow cytometry samples. Results The median total BM CD99+CD45− percent was 0.0012% (range 0–1.10%) in the flow cytometry cohort, with 14/109 (12.8%) of ES patients defined as “positive.” In the PCR cohort, 19.6% (44/225) patients were “positive” for any EWSR1/FLI1 translocation in blood or BM. There were no differences in baseline clinical features or event-free or overall survival between patients classified as “positive” vs. “negative” by either method. CD99+CD45− cells had significantly higher IGF-1R expression compared to CD45+ hematopoietic cells (mean geometric mean fluorescence intensity 982.7 vs. 190.9; p<0.001). Conclusion The detection of micrometastatic disease at initial diagnosis by flow cytometry or RT-PCR is not associated with outcome in newly diagnosed patients with ES. Flow cytometry provides a tool to characterize occult micrometastatic tumor cells for proteins of interest.

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“…CD56 has been demonstrated by flow cytometry on a number of tumors of neuroendocrine origin, such as neuroblastoma, Ewing sarcoma/peripheral PNET, small cell carcinoma, and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas, 6,7,[18][19][20] and has been proposed as a marker useful in conjunction with CD45 for distinguishing nonhematopoietic tumors from lymphoma in cytologic specimens. 19,20 Medulloblastoma has not been evaluated for CD56 by flow cytometry to our knowledge, but would be expected to express this antigen given its neuroectodermal origin and positive staining by immunohistochemistry. 21 In our case of medulloblastoma, a cocktail of CD16 and CD56 was very strongly positive by flow cytometry, and uniform, 3+ staining was noted by immunohistochemistry for CD56.…”

Section: Discussion and Review Of The Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Medulloblastoma Simulating Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report With a Review of “Myeloid Antigen” Expression in Nonhematopoietic Tissues and Tumors

Etzell

Keet²,

McDonald

et al. 2006

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

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Medulloblastoma is a primitive neuroectodermal tumor arising in the posterior fossa usually in the first decade of life. Systemic metastases are infrequent at diagnosis and usually occur after surgical resection or shunt placement. We report a rare case of medulloblastoma in an 18-year-old woman who presented with headache, leukopenia, and anemia. Neurologic examination was normal. Bone marrow evaluation revealed primitive cells morphologically resembling blasts. By flow cytometry, these cells lacked CD45 and expressed CD13/33, CD15, CD34, HLA-DR, and strong CD56. The presence of myeloid antigens and CD34 suggested acute myeloid leukemia; however, the bone marrow core biopsy architecture and tumor cells in cerebrospinal fluid were more compatible with a nonhematopoietic tumor. Further workup revealed a cerebellar mass, and a diagnosis of desmoplastic medulloblastoma was made. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a nonhematopoietic small round blue-cell tumor expressing multiple myeloid antigens and CD34 by flow cytometry.

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Fine‐needle aspiration of adult small‐round‐cell tumors studied with flow cytometry

Cited by 19 publications

References 57 publications

Excellent Prognosis in a Subset of Patients with Ewing Sarcoma Identified at Diagnosis by CD56 Using Flow Cytometry

Excellent Prognosis in a Subset of Patients with Ewing Sarcoma Identified at Diagnosis by CD56 Using Flow Cytometry

Impact of Two Measures of Micrometastatic Disease on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Ewing Sarcoma: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group

Medulloblastoma Simulating Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report With a Review of “Myeloid Antigen” Expression in Nonhematopoietic Tissues and Tumors

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