Fine sediment influence on salmonid spawning habitat in a lowland agricultural stream: a preliminary assessment

Soulsby, Christopher; Youngson, A. F.; Moir, H. J.; Malcolm, I. A.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00672-0

Cited by 198 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These ecological processes are complex, diverse and sensitive to perturbations from sedimentation and entrapment of cohesive sediment (Lemly, 1982;Soulsby et al, 2001). …”

Section: Effects Of Cohesive Sediment On Biological Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pumping of surface water into and out of the bed is critical to biological processes in gravel bed streams (Grimm and Fisher, 1984;Brunke and Gonser, 1997). These include: 1) the spawning success of fish such as migratory salmon (Geist, 2000;Hanrahan, 2008) where the exchange of surface water and groundwater flux maintains oxygen and temperature controls on egg development (Brunke and Gonser, 1997;Soulsby et al, 2001;Malcolm et al, 2004;Malcolm et al, 2005); and, 2) the establishment and diversity of the benthic invertebrate community within a river (Richards and Bacon, 1994;Stubbington et al, 2009). …”

Section: Effects Of Cohesive Sediment On Biological Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of coarse gravel on cohesive sediment entrapment in an annular flume

Glasbergen¹,

Stone²,

Krishnappan³

et al. 2015

Proc. IAHS

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Abstract. While cohesive sediment generally represents a small fraction (<0.5%) of the total sediment mass stored in gravel-bed rivers, it can strongly influence physical and biogeochemical processes in the hyporheic zone and alter aquatic habitat. This research was conducted to examine mechanisms governing the interaction of cohesive sediments with gravel beds in the Elbow River, Alberta, Canada. A series of erosion and deposition experiments with and without a gravel bed were conducted in a 5-m diameter annular flume. The critical shear stress for deposition and erosion of cohesive sediment without gravel was 0.115 Pa and 0.212 Pa, respectively. In experiments with a gravel bed, cohesive sediment moved from the water column into the gravel bed via the coupling of surface and pore water flow. Once in the gravel bed, cohesive sediments were not mobilized under the maximum applied shear stresses (1.11 Pa) used in the experiment. The gravel bed had an entrapment coefficient (ratio between the entrapment flux and the settling flux) of 0.2. Accordingly, when flow conditions are sufficient to produce a shear stress that will mobilize the armour layer of the gravel bed (>16 Pa), cohesive materials trapped within the gravel bed will be entrained and transported into the Glenmore Reservoir, where sediment-associated nutrients may pose treatment challenges to the drinking water supply.

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“…These ecological processes are complex, diverse and sensitive to perturbations from sedimentation and entrapment of cohesive sediment (Lemly, 1982;Soulsby et al, 2001). …”

Section: Effects Of Cohesive Sediment On Biological Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Cohesive Sediment On Biological Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of coarse gravel on cohesive sediment entrapment in an annular flume

Glasbergen¹,

Stone²,

Krishnappan³

et al. 2015

Proc. IAHS

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“…Resultant higher flow velocities ensure gravels are clean, with necessary interstitial space and water flow (Soulsby et al, 2001, Crisp, 1996.…”

Section: Fish Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instream and riparian implications of weed cutting in a chalk river

Old

Naden

Rameshwaran

et al. 2014

Ecological Engineering

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were monitored at a site on the River Lambourn (The CEH River Lambourn Observatory) and major instream and riparian impacts were observed. Measurements clearly demonstrated how weed cutting enhanced flood flow conveyance, reduced water levels (river and wetland), increased river velocities, and mobilised suspended sediment (with associated chemicals) and reduced the capacity for its retention within the river channel. Potential implications in relation to flood risk, water resources, downstream water quality, instream and riparian ecology, amenity value of the river, and wetland greenhouse gas emissions were considered. Provided the major influence of macrophytes on instream and riparian environments is fully understood then the manipulation of macrophytes represents an effective management tool that demonstrates the great potential of working with nature.

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“…salmonids, Soulsby et al 2001;Greig et al 2005), where clogging can impact oxygen supply. Fine sediment deposition is especially important for those organisms that are fully sessile or less mobile, because they have no means of immediate escape at the timescale of depositional events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asynchronicity of fine sediment supply and its effects on transport and storage in a regulated river

et al. 2018

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Purpose A disconnected ephemeral tributary was reconnected to the regulated River Ehen (NW England) as part of a river restoration initiative, providing a renewed delivery of sediment to a highly stable and armoured channel. This paper (1) assesses spatial and temporal dynamics of suspended and stored sediments in the Ehen, (2) characterises the composition of stored sediment, (3) develops fine sediment budgets for downstream river reaches, and (4) assesses the controls on the storage of fine sediment in the riverbed. Materials and methods A 3-km study section in the upper part of the River Ehen was divided into two reaches. Suspended sediments were monitored at the downstream limits of each reach over a 2-year period. In-channel storage was measured in three morphological units within the upper reach, on 13 occasions over the same period. Samples were used to assess changes in volumes of stored fine sediment, as well as the grain sizes and organic content of the material. A time-lapse camera facing the confluence of the tributary was used to conceptualise different flow scenarios. These scenarios reflect the degree of synchronicity between flows in the main-stem and those in the tributary. Fine sediment budgets were developed for each reach to assess the relative contribution of different sources of sediment. Results and discussion The reconnection significantly affected suspended sediment loads in the Ehen. Bed storage increased twofold, with changes most evident in the slow-flowing morphological unit. Changes in the composition of stored sediment were less marked than changes in the quantity of material. Changes in bed storage were controlled by the degree of synchronicity between flows in the Ehen and those in the newly reconnected tributary. Results show that three generalised flow scenarios occur, with total asynchronicity between flows in the tributary and the Ehen being responsible for the main episodes of fine sediment deposition. Overall, the estimated sediment budgets provide insights into the importance of non-perennial sources of sediment in supply-limited systems such as the Ehen. Although bed storage values are within the range of those published for UK rivers, the increase observed since the reconnection, together with the persistence of a static pavement, highlights the ecologically critical conditions of the regulated main-stem River Ehen. Conclusions Intermittent sources control fine sediment transport dynamics in the upper River Ehen. In this regulated river, ongoing deposition associated with increased low-and medium-sized flow events exerts more of a control on bed storage than large but rare floods. Management actions to limit delivery of material from lateral sources could help prevent further deterioration of habitat conditions for biota sensitive to fine sediment. Given the ongoing adjustment in the newly reconnected tributary, continued monitoring is needed to capture further morphosedimentary response in the main-stem.

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Fine sediment influence on salmonid spawning habitat in a lowland agricultural stream: a preliminary assessment

Cited by 198 publications

References 24 publications

The effect of coarse gravel on cohesive sediment entrapment in an annular flume

The effect of coarse gravel on cohesive sediment entrapment in an annular flume

Instream and riparian implications of weed cutting in a chalk river

Asynchronicity of fine sediment supply and its effects on transport and storage in a regulated river

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