Fine structure of pancreatic islets of mice infected with the M variant of the encephalomyocarditis virus

Wellmann, Klaus F.; Amsterdam, Daniel; Brancato, P; Volk, Bruno W.

doi:10.1007/bf01218496

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Previous work has shown that the severity of the metabolic disease in these animals is variable and our results confirm this claim [1,3,5]. In the present investigation, we divided convalescent mice into three groups to characterize alterations in glucose tolerance and endocrine function.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Encephalomyocarditis virus induced diabetes mellitus in mice: Long-term changes in the structure and function of islets of langerhans

et al. 1983

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Summary.Adult male mice infected with the M variant of encephalomyocarditis virus develop hyperglycaemia acutely as a consequence of B cell injury. The severity of the metabolic disease is variable and many animals become normogtycaemic during convalescence. The islets of Langerhans of these mice exhibit minor structural changes, but there are no significant abnormalities of insulin and glucagon secretion. In contrast, animals with persistent hyperglycaemia exhibit striking morphological alterations in the islets. The A cell mass is prominent, whereas B cells are reduced in number and exhibit striking cytological features. These changes are associated with both hypoinsulinaemia and hyperglucagonaemia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Morphological and biochemical studies have failed to demonstrate injury to A cells during or immediately after the acute stages of infection [4][5][6]. The function of these cells, however, appears to be altered when isolated islets and monolayer cultures of islet tissue are exposed to the virus in vitro [7,8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Encephalomyocarditis virus induced diabetes mellitus in mice: Long-term changes in the structure and function of islets of langerhans

et al. 1983

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“…In CD-a mice a moderate infiltration of mononuclear cells has been found after EMC virus injection [16,17]. The infiltrate was found only in some of the islets, mostly in the periphery and in the surrounding tissue, including the vessels [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-induced diabetes mellitus in mice and the thymus-dependent immune system

1983

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Summary. The present study concerns the effect of the experimental diabetogenic encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus on normal and athymic nude mice of BALB/c origin. The effect of simultaneous immunosuppressive pharmacological treatment with a derivative of cyclophosphamide in a relatively low dose (3 mg/mouse) was also studied. After inoculation with EMC virus, 36% of the normal mice, but none of the nude mice, developed diabetes mellitus and 93% of the normal mice, but none of the nude mice, developed paresis of one or more leg(s). When lower doses of EMC virus were given, few or none of the normal mice developed diabetes or paresis. After treatment with a cyclophosphamide-derivative, the number of paralysed mice increased. EMC virus in abundant amounts could be isolated from the pancreas and heart of all virus-inoculated mice, including the non-diabetic nude mice.Antibodies against EMC virus were found in all groups of virus-inoculated mice, although only in small amounts in nude and immunosuppressed normal mice. Histological examination revealed no significant differences between the islets of Langerhans of the experimental mice, diabetic as well as non-diabetic, and the control mice with respect to lymphocytic infiltration.It is concluded that the thymus-dependent immune system seems to be of decisive importance for the development of diabetes in this virus model. Key words:Encephalomyocarditis virus, diabetes mellitus, athymic nude mice, the thymus-dependent immune system, cyclophosphamide.This investigation concerns the effect of the experimental diabetogenic encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus (M-strain) on the athymic nude mouse and on the normal, haired mouse of BALB/c origin. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the importance of the immune system in the development of diabetes in this animal model. Several human investigations have suggested that the immune system might play a pathogenic role in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellims. Many patients with Type 1 diabetes possess humoral auto-antibodies directed against the islet-cell cytoplasm [1] and/or antibodies directed against the surface of the islet B cells [2]. Patients with Type I diabetes often exhibit a positive reaction in the leucocyte migration test using different pancreatic homogenates [3]. Various immunological phenomena have been described, in which Type I diabetic subjects differ from healthy control individuals. For example, there is reduced suppressor cell activity at the time of diagnosis [4], and an increase in the number of K cells [5]. The EMC virus has been shown to be diabetogenic in several mouse strains, with quite large variation within and between strains [6]. Earlier studies in the C57 mouse strain demonstrated a lack of diabetogenic effect by the EMC virus on athymic nude mice, whereas abnormal glucose tolerance curves were obtained from heterozygous littermates, and from homozygous normal mice [71.The present investigation utilized BALB/c mice and included an evaluation of blood glucose, virus studies, ...

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“…Infection of mice with this virus produces a diabetes-like syndrome which resembles in many respects the juvenile-onset type diabetes (7,13,14,30,54,80). Infection of mice with this virus produces a diabetes-like syndrome which resembles in many respects the juvenile-onset type diabetes (7,13,14,30,54,80).…”

Section: Viral Infections In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%