Fines Accumulation and Distribution in a Storm-Water Rain Garden Nine Years Postconstruction

Jenkins, Jennifer K. Gilbert; Wadzuk, Bridget; Welker, Andrea L.

doi:10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0000264

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This 75% decrease in fine sediment loading is in agreement with other field studies which reported 68 [29] to 90% [19] reductions in suspended sediment loads in networked rain gardens. Jenkins et al [31] observed that although the texture of rain garden surface soils was changed by settling of fine sediments over an eight-year study period, infiltration rates did not change. Taken in the context of the present study, the specific composition and thickness of the surface mulch layer may regulate the impact of sediment load on rain garden hydrology.…”

Section: Soil Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Contributing to the Hydrologic Effectiveness of a Rain Garden Network (Cincinnati OH USA)

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Infiltrative rain gardens can add retention capacity to sewersheds, yet factors contributing to their capacity for detention and redistribution of stormwater runoff are dynamic and often unverified. Over a four-year period, we tracked whole-system water fluxes in a two-tier rain garden network and assessed near-surface hydrology and soil development across construction and operational phases. The monitoring data provided a quantitative basis for determining effectiveness of this stormwater control measure. Based on 233 monitored warm-season rainfall events, nearly half of total inflow volume was detained, with 90 percent of all events producing no flow to the combined sewer. For the events that did result in flow to the combined sewer system, the rain garden delayed flows for an average of 5.5 h. Multivariate analysis of hydrologic fluxes indicated that total event rainfall depth was a predominant hydrologic driver for network outflow during both phases, with average event intensity and daily evapotranspiration as additional, independent factors in regulating retention in the operational phase. Despite sediment loads that can clog the rooting zone, and overall lower-than-design infiltration rates, tradeoffs among soil profile development and hydrology apparently maintained relatively high overall retention effectiveness. Overall, our study identified factors relevant to regulation of retention capacity of a rain garden network. These factors may be generalizable, and guide improvement of new or existing rain garden designs.Keywords: wastewater; combined sewer system; hydrologic monitoring; green infrastructure; stormwater detention Highlights •Infiltration-type retention practices can aid in managing stormwater volume. •We monitored a newly-installed rain garden's hydrology over a four-year period.• Rain garden detained 50% of total inflow and delayed overflow to sewer system by~5 h. •Retention effectiveness was related to total inflow volume and intensity, evapotranspiration losses, and soil formation.

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Section: Soil Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Contributing to the Hydrologic Effectiveness of a Rain Garden Network (Cincinnati OH USA)

et al. 2017

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“…Bioretention is a 'planted depression', such as a rain garden, method to infiltrate rain water runoff [4]. The physical and chemical effects of this facility, such as reducing peak flow by infiltrating storm water runoff and removing nonpoint pollutants in rainfall, were successfully demonstrated in many studies [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Furthermore, bio-retention is considered as one of the most effective Low Impact Development facilities from aesthetical, ecological, and economic perspectives, because bio-retention serves as urban green spaces that improve urban landscape values and are known for low cost installations and easy maintenance [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Psychological and Aesthetic Approaches of Bio-Retention Facilities in the Urban Open Space

Kim

2017

Sustainability

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Over the last decades, a number of bio-retention facilities have been installed in urban areas for flood control and green amenity purposes. As urban amenity facilities for citizens, bio-retentions have a lot potential; however, the literature on bio-retentions focused mostly on physiochemical aspects like water quality and runoffs. Hence, this paper aims to explore psychological aspects of bio-retentions such as perceptions and landscape aesthetic value for visitors. In order to achieve this purpose, the study employed on-site interviews and questionnaires in the chosen three case studies as research methodology. For the 3 different locations of bio-retention facilities, interviews and questionnaires were carried out. The surveys of 100 bio-retention users were conducted, investigating their general perceptions and landscape aesthetics of the bio-retention facilities. The paper found that only 34% of the interviewees recognised bio-detention facilities, illustrating that most visitors were not aware of such facilities and were unable to distinguish the differences between bio-retention and conventional gardens. On the other hand, the majority of interviewees strongly supported the concept and function of bio-retentions, especially those who recognised the differences in planting species with conventional urban open spaces. Such main findings also encourage further studies of seeking quantitative values by conducting a correlation analysis between the functions and aesthetics of bio-retention facilities.

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“…Previous studies have found that despite sediment loading, rain gardens appear to be relatively self-maintaining even over long periods of time (Gilbert Jenkins, Wadzuk, & Welker, 2010). Rain gardens and bioretention cells also provide the opportunity for ponding, which increases the infiltration rate as a function of applied head, providing there is free drainage below the surface soil.…”

Section: Figure 13: Infiltration Rates At Spatially Characteristic Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

Infiltration performance of engineered surfaces commonly used for distributed stormwater management

Valinski

Chandler

2015

Journal of Environmental Management

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Engineered porous media are commonly used in low impact development (LID) structures to mitigate excess stormwater in urban environments. Differences in infiltrability of these LID systems arise from the wide variety of materials used to create porous surfaces and subsequent maintenance, debris loading, and physical damage. In this study, infiltration capacity of six common materials was tested by multiple replicate experiments with automated mini-disk infiltrometers. The tested materials included porous asphalt, porous concrete, porous brick pavers, flexible porous pavement, engineered soils, and native soils. Porous asphalt, large porous brick pavers, and curb cutout rain gardens showed the greatest infiltration rates. Most engineered porous pavements and soils performed better than the native silt loam soils. Infiltration performance was found to be related more to site design and environmental factors than material choice. Sediment trap zones in both pavements and engineered soil rain gardens were found to be beneficial to the whole site performance. Winter chloride application had a large negative impact on poured in place concrete, making it a poor choice for heavily salted areas.

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Fines Accumulation and Distribution in a Storm-Water Rain Garden Nine Years Postconstruction

Cited by 47 publications

References 13 publications

Factors Contributing to the Hydrologic Effectiveness of a Rain Garden Network (Cincinnati OH USA)

Factors Contributing to the Hydrologic Effectiveness of a Rain Garden Network (Cincinnati OH USA)

Exploring Psychological and Aesthetic Approaches of Bio-Retention Facilities in the Urban Open Space

Infiltration performance of engineered surfaces commonly used for distributed stormwater management

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