Fingering instabilities and pattern formation in a two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

Xi, Kui-Tian; Byrnes, Tim; Saito, Hiroki

doi:10.1103/physreva.97.023625

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Recently, it was demonstrated that a structural phase transition of optical patterns from a hexagonal lattice to two types of square lattices may occur in an EIT-based Rydberg gas with a microwave dressing between two Rydberg states [16]. These investigations enriched our understanding on the MI and related pattern formation in systems with repulsive (or with both repulsive and attractive) Kerr nonlinearities, which are topics explored in different physical systems by many research groups, from which new pattern formation mechanisms for conservative nonlocal nonlinear systems were found in recent years [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Self-organized structures of two-component laser fields and their active controls in a cold Rydberg atomic gas

Shi,

Huang

2021

Preprint

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We investigate the formation and control of stationary optical patterns in a cold Rydberg atomic gas via double electromagnetically induced transparency. We show that, through the modulational instability of plane-wave state of a laser field with two polarization components, the system undergoes a spontaneous symmetry breaking and hence the emergence of plentiful self-organized spatial optical structures, which can be manipulated by the ratio between the cross-and self-Kerr nonlinearities, the nonlocality degree of the Kerr nonlinearities, and the populations initially prepared in the two atomic ground states. Interestingly, a crossover from mixture to separation in space (optical phase separation) of the two polarization components occurs when the ratio between the cross-and self-Kerr nonlinearities exceeds a critical value. We also show that the system supports nonlocal two-component spatial optical solitons and vortices when the parameters of the system are selected suitably. The rich diversity and active controllability of the self-organized optical structures reported here provide a way for realizing novel optical patterns and solitons and their structural phase transitions based on Rydberg atomic gases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Self-organized structures of two-component laser fields and their active controls in a cold Rydberg atomic gas

Shi,

Huang

2021

Preprint

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“…In an infinite system, the ground-state phase diagram of 2D arrangements of dipolar supersolids showed honeycomb supersolid structures [92]. Earlier studies investigating the potential 2D honeycomb and labyrinthine phases in BECs considered more complex multi-component systems [93][94][95][96] and their dynamical (Rayleigh-Taylor) instabilities [97][98][99] or infinite quasi-2D geometries with three-body interactions instead of quantum fluctuations [100].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern Formation in Quantum Ferrofluids: from Supersolids to Superglasses

Hertkorn,

Schmidt,

Guo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Pattern formation is a ubiquitous phenomenon observed in nonlinear and out-of-equilibrium systems. In equilibrium, quantum ferrofluids formed from ultracold atoms were recently shown to spontaneously develop coherent density patterns, manifesting a supersolid. We theoretically investigate the phase diagram of such quantum ferrofluids in oblate trap geometries and find an even wider range of exotic states of matter. Two-dimensional supersolid crystals formed from individual ferrofluid quantum droplets dominate the phase diagram at low densities. For higher densities we find honeycomb and labyrinthine states, as well as a pumpkin phase. We discuss scaling relations which allow us to find these phases for a wide variety of trap geometries, interaction strengths, and atom numbers. Our study illuminates the origin of the various possible patterns of quantum ferrofluids and shows that their occurrence is generic of strongly dipolar interacting systems stabilized by beyond mean-field effects.

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“…A cold atomic BEC is a versatile system to study the hydrodynamic instability and the associated nonlinear dynamics, because ideal configurations suitable to study the relevant problems can be prepared in a well controlled manner; for example, a flat interface between different superfluids can be prepared by using binary BECs with tunable interatomic interactions [12][13][14][15]. The interface dynamics, the hydrodynamic instabilities and the nonlinear dynamics in immiscible two-component BECs have been studied in some papers [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Even for the miscible case, the binary BECs exhibit the countersuperflow instability (CSI) [32], which results in a train of solitons in a one-dimensional (1D) case or the complicated turbulent structure in 2D or 3D systems [33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern formation of quantum Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in binary superfluids

Kokubo,

Kasamatsu,

Takeuchi

2021

Preprint

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We study theoretically nonlinear dynamics induced by shear-flow instability in segregated twocomponent Bose-Einstein condensates in terms of the Weber number, defined by extending the past theory on the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in classical fluids. Numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equations demonstrate that dynamics of pattern formation is well characterized by the Weber number W e, clarifying the microscopic aspects unique to the quantum fluid system. For W e 1, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability induces flutter-finger patterns of the interface and quantized vortices are generated at the tip of the fingers. The associated nonlinear dynamics exhibits a universal behavior with respect to W e. When W e 1 in which the interface thickness is larger than the wavelength of the interface mode, the nonlinear dynamics is effectively initiated by the counter-superflow instability. In a strongly segregated regime and a large relative velocity, the instability causes transient zipper pattern formation instead of generating vortices due to the lack of enough circulation to form a quantized vortex per a finger. While, in a weakly segregating regime and a small relative velocity, the instability leads to sealskin pattern in the overlapping region, in which the frictional relaxation of the superflow cannot be explained only by the homogeneous counter-superflow instability. We discuss the details of the linear and nonlinear characteristics of this dynamical crossover from small to large Weber numbers, where microscopic properties of the interface become important for the large Weber number.

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Fingering instabilities and pattern formation in a two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

Cited by 33 publications

References 47 publications

Self-organized structures of two-component laser fields and their active controls in a cold Rydberg atomic gas

Self-organized structures of two-component laser fields and their active controls in a cold Rydberg atomic gas

Pattern Formation in Quantum Ferrofluids: from Supersolids to Superglasses

Pattern formation of quantum Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in binary superfluids

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