Fingerprint of rice paddies in spatial–temporal dynamics of atmospheric methane concentration in monsoon Asia

Zhang, Geli; Xiao, Xiangming; Dong, Jinwei; Xin, Fengfei; Zhang, Yao; Qin, Yuanwei; Doughty, Russell; Moore, Berrien

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-14155-5

Cited by 78 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Unlike CO 2 , where most of the anthropogenic emissions have tended to come from developed nations with relatively high GDPs [137,138], most of the anthropogenic CH 4 and N 2 O emissions apparently come from agricultural processes (e.g., rice paddies and cattle production) in developing nations-especially in Asia and South America, e.g., Tian et al (2015) [139]. However, Zhang et al (2020) have recently shown that the contribution of rice paddies in monsoon Asia has declined since 2007 [140], suggesting that other changes in sources and sinks are probably involved in the post-2006 increase. over the natural sources appear to be much larger than for anthropogenic sources [136].…”

Section: The Airborne Fraction Of Methane (Ch 4 ) Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Much Human-Caused Global Warming Should We Expect with Business-As-Usual (BAU) Climate Policies? A Semi-Empirical Assessment

Connolly¹,

Connolly²,

Carter

et al. 2020

Energies

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In order to assess the merits of national climate change mitigation policies, it is important to have a reasonable benchmark for how much human-caused global warming would occur over the coming century with “Business-As-Usual” (BAU) conditions. However, currently, policymakers are limited to making assessments by comparing the Global Climate Model (GCM) projections of future climate change under various different “scenarios”, none of which are explicitly defined as BAU. Moreover, all of these estimates are ab initio computer model projections, and policymakers do not currently have equivalent empirically derived estimates for comparison. Therefore, estimates of the total future human-caused global warming from the three main greenhouse gases of concern (CO2, CH4, and N2O) up to 2100 are here derived for BAU conditions. A semi-empirical approach is used that allows direct comparisons between GCM-based estimates and empirically derived estimates. If the climate sensitivity to greenhouse gases implies a Transient Climate Response (TCR) of ≥ 2.5 °C or an Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) of ≥ 5.0 °C then the 2015 Paris Agreement’s target of keeping human-caused global warming below 2.0 °C will have been broken by the middle of the century under BAU. However, for a TCR < 1.5 °C or ECS < 2.0 °C, the target would not be broken under BAU until the 22nd century or later. Therefore, the current Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) “likely” range estimates for TCR of 1.0 to 2.5 °C and ECS of 1.5 to 4.5 °C have not yet established if human-caused global warming is a 21st century problem.

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Section: The Airborne Fraction Of Methane (Ch 4 ) Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Much Human-Caused Global Warming Should We Expect with Business-As-Usual (BAU) Climate Policies? A Semi-Empirical Assessment

Connolly¹,

Connolly²,

Carter

et al. 2020

Energies

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“…Methane cycling in rice paddies is an important microbial process that involves methane producers (methanogens) and methane metabolizers (methanotrophs) [51][52][53][54]. Flooded rice has well-developed gaslled aerenchyma tissues in the roots and shoots that facilitate the transfer of gas (O 2 , CO 2 ) from the leaves to the roots, and CH 4 from the rhizosphere to the roots and leaves.…”

Section: Microbiota Communities Resident In Above-and Belowground Tismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota community assembly in wild rice (Oryza longistaminata) in response to drought stress shows phylogenetic conservation, stochasticity, and aboveground-belowground patterns

Ding

Peng

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background Drought is a global environmental stress that limits crop yields. Microbial communities control many biogeochemical processes, and a predictive understanding of how crop microbial communities assemble in response to drought stress is central to addressing the challenges caused by drought. Little is known about the microbiome assembly processes in rice-ecosystems, particularly with regard to their environmental adaptation. Wild rice may serve as a source of superior drought tolerance candidate for rice breeding. There is an urgent need to explore wild rice resistance mechanisms to drought stress. Here, we evaluated the effect of drought stress on the microbial community recruitment and assembly in the endosphere (leaf, stem, and root) and rhizosphere of Oryza longistaminata. Results Species replacement was the dominant process shaping microbial community composition under drought stress. O. longistaminata recruited the phyla Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria, the genus Streptomyces, and phototrophic prokaryotes to improve its fitness. The host exerted strong effects on microbiome assembly, and the responses of the microbial community structure to the drought environment showed above- and belowground patterns. Drought reduced taxonomic α-diversity and destabilized co-occurrence network properties in the leaves and stems, but not in the roots and rhizosphere. Drought promoted the restructuring and strengthening of belowground network links to more strongly interconnect network properties. The drought response of the microbiome was phylogenetically conserved. Stochastic (neutral) processes acted on microbial community reassembly in response to drought stress across all four compartments. Conclusions Our results provide new insight into the mechanisms through which drought alters microbial community assembly in drought-tolerant wild rice and reveal a potential strategy for manipulating plant microbiomes to improve crop fitness.

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“…Atmospheric CH 4 originates from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Rice paddy is a large source of ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE methane emission (Zhang et al, 2020). More than 50% of the global annual CH 4 emissions are of anthropogenic origin, and the cultivation of irrigated rice may account for up to 12% of this flux (IPCC, 2007 andSmartt et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of standing water levels on methane gas emission and yield performance of transplanted Aman rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan51)

Paul¹,

Ali²,

Saha³

et al. 2020

Arch. Agric. Environ. Sci.

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An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of standing water levels on methane gas emission and yield of transplanted Aman rice (cv. BRRI dhan51) during July to December 2015 at medium low-lying area of Mohangonj upazila under Netrokona district. The experiment comprised five standing water levels on surface paddy soil viz., 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm and 25 cm. Methane (CH4) gas emission, yield components and yield of transplanted Aman rice were significantly affected by standing water levels on surface paddy soil. CH4 emission was gradually increased with rising standing water levels and remained static condition at 20-25 cm water level. The highest CH4 emission was observed at 20 cm standing water level and the lowest CH4 emission was recorded at 5 cm water level. The highest CH4 peak recorded at 85 days after transplanting (DAT). The highest CH4 flux (36.59 mg/m2/h) was observed in treatment 20 cm water level whereas the lowest CH4flux (21.17 mg/m2/h) was observed in 5 cm water level. Finally, the CH4 emission dropped at 108 DAT. On and average, the CH4 emission rate during rice cultivation followed 20 cm > 25 cm> 15 cm > 10 cm > 5 cm water level. Soil Eh gradually decreased with progress of time and plant growth and at 85 DAT highly reduced condition developed in all treatments. The maximum reduced condition was observed (-238.67 mV) in treatment 20 cm water level and minimum one (- 214.667 mV) was found in 5 cm water level. The highest grain (5260 kg ha-1) and straw (6725.0 kg ha-1) yields were obtained at 10 cm standing water level while the lowest grain (4191.6 kg ha-1) and straw (5050.0 kg ha-1) yields were recorded in 5 cm and 15 cm water level, respectively. It may be concluded that 10 cm standing water level is beneficial for transplant Aman rice (cv. BRRI dhan51) cultivation in low lying area in respect of grain yield and environmental issues.

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Fingerprint of rice paddies in spatial–temporal dynamics of atmospheric methane concentration in monsoon Asia

Cited by 78 publications

References 67 publications

How Much Human-Caused Global Warming Should We Expect with Business-As-Usual (BAU) Climate Policies? A Semi-Empirical Assessment

How Much Human-Caused Global Warming Should We Expect with Business-As-Usual (BAU) Climate Policies? A Semi-Empirical Assessment

Microbiota community assembly in wild rice (Oryza longistaminata) in response to drought stress shows phylogenetic conservation, stochasticity, and aboveground-belowground patterns

Effect of standing water levels on methane gas emission and yield performance of transplanted Aman rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan51)

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