Finite Difference Computation of Au‐Cu/Magneto‐Bio‐Hybrid Nanofluid Flow in an Inclined Uneven Stenosis Artery

Abstract

The present study addresses the fluid transport behaviour of the flow of gold (Au)-copper (Cu)/biomagnetic blood hybrid nanofluid in an inclined irregular stenosis artery as a consequence of varying viscosity and Lorentz force. The nonlinear flow equations are transformed into dimensionless form by using nonsimilar variables. The finite-difference technique (FTCS) is involved in computing the nonlinear transport dimensionless equations. The significant parameters like angle parameter, the Hartmann number, changing viscosity, constant heat source, the Reynolds number, and nanoparticle volume fraction on the flow field are exhibited through figures. Present results disclose that the Lorentz force strongly lessens the hybrid nanofluid velocity. Elevating the Grashof number values enhances the rate of blood flow. Growing values of the angle parameter cause to reduce the resistance impedance on the wall. Hybrid nanoparticles have a superior wall shear stress than copper nanoparticles. The heat transfer rate is amplifying at the axial direction with the growing values of nanoparticles concentration. The applied Lorentz force significantly reduces the hybrid and unitary nanofluid flow rate in the axial direction. The hybrid nanoparticles expose a supreme rate of heat transfer than the copper nanoparticles in a blood base fluid. Compared to hybrid and copper nanofluid, the blood base fluid has a lower temperature.

[Retracted] A Comparison of Finite Difference and Finite Volume Methods with Numerical Simulations: Burgers Equation Model

“…In finite difference methods (FDMs), the differential equation is approximated by a set of algebraic equations (see [1,11,12]). ese approximations are usually improved with the use of more terms and the use of smaller grid spacing (also known as more nodes).…”

Utilization of Galerkin finite element strategy to investigate comparison performance among two hybrid nanofluid models

“…Al-Mdallal et al 5 visualized entropy optimization in pseudoplastic nano-polymer in occurrence of Lorentz force past a circular cylinder. Basha et al 6 utilized finite element method to obtain results of bio fluid associated with hybrid nanofluid in the presence of Lorentz force in stenosis artery. Reddy et al 7 performed role of entropy generation in peristaltic fluid considering nanofluid based on gold-blood in a microchannel.…”

Entropy optimization and response surface methodology of blood hybrid nanofluid flow through composite stenosis artery with magnetized nanoparticles (Au-Ta) for drug delivery application

“…Radiative heat flow is computed using the Rosseland diffusion approximation 40 to simulate thermal radiation , where and denote the mean absorption coefficient and the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, respectively.…”