Finite-difference time-domain calculation of spontaneous emission lifetime in a microcavity

Xu, Yong; Vučković, Jelena; Lee, R. K.; Painter, Oskar; Scherer, Axel; Yariv, Amnon

doi:10.1364/josab.16.000465

Cited by 124 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For complicated geometries obtained after the top metal layer patterning, it is possible to use the FDTD-based 3-D analysis of Purcell factor proposed in [22]. However, this requires large amounts of computer memory.…”

Section: E Purcell Factor and Decay Rate Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface plasmon enhanced light-emitting diode

Vučković

Lončar²,

Scherer³

2000

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

Self Cite

258

185

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Abstract-A method for enhancing the emission properties of light-emitting diodes, by coupling to surface plasmons, is analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. The analyzed structure consists of a semiconductor emitter layer thinner than 2 sandwiched between two metal films. If a periodic pattern is defined in the top semitransparent metal layer by lithography, it is possible to efficiently couple out the light emitted from the semiconductor and to simultaneously enhance the spontaneous emission rate. For the analyzed designs, we theoretically estimate extraction efficiencies as high as 37% and Purcell factors of up to 4.5. We have experimentally measured photoluminescence intensities of up to 46 times higher in fabricated structures compared to unprocessed wafers. The increased light emission is due to an increase in the efficiency and an increase in the pumping intensity resulting from trapping of pump photons within the microcavity.

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Section: E Purcell Factor and Decay Rate Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface plasmon enhanced light-emitting diode

Vučković

Lončar²,

Scherer³

2000

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

Self Cite

258

185

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“…The simulation is based on the result that the quantum electrodynamical and classical treatments of SE emission yield proportional results, so that the SE rate is related to the classical dipole radiation power by Γ P C SE /Γ bulk SE = P P C classical /P bulk classical for bulk GaAs and the PC [11]. In these simulations, we replicated the conditions under which the experimental data were obtained: 200 dipoles were placed at random positions and orientations in a photonic crystal structure, roughly covering the focal size over which we collected in the experiment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Spontaneous Emission Rate of Single Quantum Dots in a Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal

et al. 2005

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We observe large spontaneous emission rate modification of individual InAs Quantum Dots (QDs) in 2D a photonic crystal with a modified, high-Q single defect cavity. Compared to QDs in bulk semiconductor, QDs that are resonant with the cavity show an emission rate increase by up to a factor of 8. In contrast, off-resonant QDs indicate up to five-fold rate quenching as the local density of optical states (LDOS) is diminished in the photonic crystal. In both cases we demonstrate photon antibunching, showing that the structure represents an on-demand single photon source with pulse duration from 210 ps to 8 ns. We explain the suppression of QD emission rate using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations and find good agreement with experiment.One of the core issues of modern optics is the subject of photon interaction with matter. In the Wigner-Weisskopf approximation, the emission rate is directly proportional to the LDOS [1]. Over the past decade, photonic resonators with increased LDOS have been exploited to enhance emission rate for improving numerous quantum optical devices (e.g., [2,3]). Single photon sources in particular promise to see large improvements [4]. While more attention has been given to increasing emission rate, the reverse is also possible in an environment with decreased LDOS.Here we demonstrate that by designing a photonic crystal structure with a modified single-defect cavity, we can significantly increase or decrease the spontaneous emission (SE) rate of embedded QDs. Photonic crystals (PCs), periodic arrays of alternating refractive index, are near-ideal testbeds for such experiments. Their electromagnetic band structure modifies the LDOS relative to free space and hence the SE rate of embedded QD emitters. We demonstrate that SE of cavity-coupled QDs is enhanced up to 8 times compared to QDs in bulk GaAs. This coupling paves the way to single photon sources with higher out-coupling efficiency and visibility. On the other hand, decoupled QDs emit at up to five-fold decreased rate compared to bulk. This lifetime enhancement is significantly higher than

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“…And Xu et al [16] have also pointed out that the ratio of the decay rate can be substituted by the ratio of the power. Then, to determine the emission rates and directivity for various emitter antenna configurations, a general approach is only to calculate the electromagnetic field and the power distribution produced by a single emitter in proximity to a metallic nano-particle.…”

Section: Antenna Models and Computational Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So SPPs can be used to control the radiation rate of the excitation and improve the quantum yield. In this respect, several theoretical and experimental realizations have been studied, such as emitters close to interface [11,12], nanospheres [13], nano-rings [14], inside cavities [15,16], and photonic crystals [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Nano-Optical Antenna for the Enhancement of Spontaneous Emission

Gao¹,

Li²,

Kong

et al. 2010

PIER

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Abstract-We study the characteristics of nano-optical antenna made of two gold nano-particles by three dimensional numerical calculations in visible and near infrared bands. To carry the computational burden and guarantee the precision and speed of a three dimensional FDTD calculation, adaptive mesh refinement technology is used. In this paper, we first highlight the concrete way of controlling the emitter position and orientation to fulfill the requirements of larger spontaneous emission enhancement. Then, we analyze the far field distribution and find that the far field directivity is strongly influenced by surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). Choosing the incident wavelength of 600 nm, we compute the decay rates and radiant efficiency as a function of antenna geometry limitations. Next, the particle aspect ratio is optimized, and we obtain that L/R = 4 is the best for our optical-antenna. Furthermore, we present a spectrum analysis. Around 5000 fold spontaneous emission enhancement is successfully achieved. Finally, we find a piecewise linearity relationship between the particle length and resonant wavelength.

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Finite-difference time-domain calculation of spontaneous emission lifetime in a microcavity

Cited by 124 publications

References 14 publications

Surface plasmon enhanced light-emitting diode

Surface plasmon enhanced light-emitting diode

Controlling the Spontaneous Emission Rate of Single Quantum Dots in a Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal

Optimizing Nano-Optical Antenna for the Enhancement of Spontaneous Emission

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