“…However, the analytical models are not able to fully describe the complex deformation behavior of the materials during the bending process due to oversimplified assumptions [ 2 , 7 ]. Therefore, in the attempt to optimize the roll bending process, in the last years, the finite element method (FEM) was applied to simulate the bending process and extract different information, such as bending force, the radius of curvature, stress-strain state in the contact area under various conditions, and the finite element (FE) environment [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. For example, Tran investigated the forming process of an asymmetrical roll bending machine using a three-dimensional (3D) dynamic FE model in the Ansys/LS-DYNA environment and the results were validated by experiments [ 8 ].…”