Finite Element Analysis of the Effect of Dental Implants on Jaw Bone under Mechanical and Thermal Loading Conditions

Abstract

Dental implants have been studied over the years to replace missing teeth. One of the conditions for the success of implants is their stability and resistance under the applied forces and minimal tension in the surrounding bone. The purpose of this dissertation is numerical and three-dimensional analysis of jaws with implants under mechanical and thermal loading by the finite element method. For this purpose, implant simulations (including ceramic crown, titanium root, and jaw bone) under dynamic and thermal load have been performed in Abacus software. In this simulation, it is considered that the jawbone is composed of two areas, one area is the superficial bone tissue (cortical) and the other part is the spongy tissue. Implants are usually made of different metals or ceramics with a bone-like structure that are compatible with body tissues. Implants are currently made of titanium metal. Therefore, titanium metal has been used for modeling implants in this dissertation. The implant crown is also considered as a ceramic material. In the simulation, the effect of stresses imposed by the implant on the jawbone is performed. In this simulation, mechanical force is applied to the upper part of the implant and force enters the jawbone through the implant, which causes tension at the junction of the implant to the jawbone. To investigate the effect of thermal loads, different temperature conditions are considered by considering the decrease in temperature and increase in temperature on the tooth surface and its effect on the implant and the jaw bone. After validation and ensuring the accuracy of the modeling, it has been observed that, with increasing mechanical load, the stresses created in all parts of the ceramic coating, titanium implants, and jawbone have increased. It is also observed that the stress created in the titanium implant due to the application of negative heat flux was about twice as much as the stress created due to the application of positive heat flux.

The Influence of Design on Stress Concentration Reduction in Dental Implant Systems Using the Finite Element Method

“…The decrease in elastic equivalent strain indicates that the Model B implant undergoes less deformation than the Model A implant. In alignment with the research conducted by Darvish et al [16], the present study similarly observed a reduction in strain corresponding to a decrease in stress. According to the literature, the minimum and maximum equivalent elastic strain amounts should fall within the range of 0.0015 to 0.0030 to create an optimal environment for bone growth without the risk of fracture [6].…”

“…Furthermore, the significant influence of material properties, including elastic modulus, anisotropy, surface properties, and bioactivity on stress values and distribution, was highlighted by FEM analysis results. The importance of supporting the material's long-term functional stability through extensive clinical studies was emphasized [16,17].…”

“…Specifically, modifications in implant and abutment design surface as crucial factors impacting the success and durability of dental implant treatments. Optimizing the implant-abutment connection is crucial for stress distribution and preventing mechanical complications, including abutment and screw fractures, screw loosening, and increased leakage at the implant-abutment interface [16].…”

Design and Fabrication of Patient-Specific Implant for Maxillofacial Surgery Using Additive Manufacturing

“…e application of the finite element method (FEM) has been hugely popular among researchers to analyze the stress distribution of dental implants and the bone surrounding them [18]. FEM is an effective tool which can be used to simulate a complex mechanical problem by disintegrating the 3D problematic geometry into a collection of very small simpler elements [19,20]. Computed tomography is used to obtain the image data, and the corresponding FEM model is generated by the help of a 3D scanner or magnetic resonance imaging [21].…”