Finite element analysis of the stress generated by the type of restorative material in the implant crown system

Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate the stress generated on the prosthetic intermediary in prosthetic crowns made with different materials using finite element analysis. Three-dimensional models of a portion of the maxilla with an implant and abutment screwed onto it were created. Three crowns for the first molar were constructed, and load simulations were carried out with axial (100 Newtons) and oblique (50 Newtons) forces, as follows: Model 1: prosthetic crown with a cobalt chromium infrastructure, 0.3 mm thick, and feldspathic porcelain roof; Model 2: prosthetic crown with a zirconia infrastructure on the abutment, 0.5 mm thick, and covering feldspathic porcelain; Model 3: zirconia prosthetic crown on the abutment, 1.5 mm thick. The results obtained in the external and inner portions of the intermediary were as follows: in the axial load, model M1 presented peaks in megapascals of 153.5, M2 of 153.6, and M3 of 156.1. In the oblique load, the peaks were in model M1 220.6, M2 220.7, and M3 220.5. In the inner portion of the intermediary, the peaks in megapascals in the axial load were 482.4 in the M1 model, 482.3 in the M2, and 482.3 in the M3. In the oblique load, they presented peaks of 672.8 in M1, 672.9 in M2, and 682.7 in M3. Quantitatively and qualitatively, there were no significant variations between the stress peaks in the outer and inner portions of the abutment, both in axial and oblique loads. Considering the models and methodology used, it is concluded that the mechanical performance of the different treatments analyzed is similar.