Finite Element Modelling for Structural Performance of Slim Floors in Fire and Influence of Protection Materials

Silva, Donatella de; Alam, Naveed; Nadjai, Ali; Nigro, Emidio; Ali, Faris

doi:10.3390/app112311291

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Figure 8 shows the typical development of the IC thermal conductivity calculated both with equation 1 and with simplified law, as suggested by de Silva et al [25][26][27]. Starting from a thermal conductivity very similar to the steel one (λ s ), the IC one reaches a minimum value, and after it seems to stabilize.…”

Section: Design and Verification Methods With A Prescriptive-based Ap...mentioning

confidence: 72%

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Intumescent Coatings for Fire Resistance of Steel Structures: Current Approaches for Qualification and Design

et al. 2022

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Intumescent coatings (ICs) are often used for protecting steel buildings during a fire when the structural, aesthetic, and architectural features of the structural members should be preserved. Indeed, ICs form a thin protective layer on the steel surface, that if exposed to fire or elevated temperatures, expands in volume with a consequent reduction in density. Hence, the protective layer captivates heat and protects the structural member from damage or elevated deformation. This reactive fire protection is designed using prescriptive tables, in which the IC thickness is chosen according to the required fire resistance, critical temperature, and section factor of the steel element. These tables are elaborated on the basis of the tests results according to the UNI EN 13381-8 standard, which is the reference for characterizing reactive systems such as ICs. For its reactive nature, this fire protection has to be applied to the structure in a controlled manner, and it is good practice to verify its correct application by measuring thickness and adhesion in situ through regulated methods. The qualification process of IC systems in Italy can be realized through a voluntary certification within the scope of a European technical assessment or by means of a national technical assessment certificate that is mandatory. All these aspects related to qualification, assessment, and design of ICs are often ignored by both designers and manufacturers, especially in Italy. Therefore, this paper describes all the approaches, introducing the main technical differences, in order to provide a sort of guideline on the use of these reactive fire protections.

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Section: Design and Verification Methods With A Prescriptive-based Ap...mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Therefore, in order to obtain a full characterization of these protections, several tests have to be performed before and after its application. All the surface properties are generally assessed according to several techniques, which are well described in [25].…”

Section: Control Of Ic Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intumescent Coatings for Fire Resistance of Steel Structures: Current Approaches for Qualification and Design

et al. 2022

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“…Materials with poor fire resistance or those that can melt or break down under high temperatures may contribute to the external spread of flames, leading to the involvement of multiple floors simultaneously. Additionally, the curtain wall systems commonly used in high-rise buildings can provide a rapid horizontal extension of the fire, posing additional challenges to containment [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common incidents and prevention of urban water supply pipeline accidents

Chen

2024

TNS

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With rapid urbanization, urban water supply pipeline accidents have become increasingly prevalent. Understanding their common occurrences and prevention strategies is crucial for ensuring water safety. This study aims to explore the underlying causes of such incidents, ranging from ageing infrastructure to design flaws and construction issues. By analyzing existing preventive measures and international best practices, this research seeks to contribute to the development of effective strategies for mitigating urban water supply pipeline accidents. This thesis focuses on urban water supply pipeline accidents, addressing both common incidents and preventive measures. It begins by highlighting the unique challenges of fires in high-rise buildings, including their rapid spread and the difficulties in evacuating occupants. The paper then emphasizes the importance of innovative fire-resistant materials, classifying them into various types such as phenolic, sprayed, calcium silicate, and lightweight composite materials. Each type is explored in detail, discussing their properties and potential applications. Finally, the paper outlines the practical use of these materials in fire engineering, emphasizing their role in enhancing the safety and resilience of urban infrastructure. Overall, this thesis contributes valuable insights to understanding and mitigating the risks associated with urban water supply pipeline accidents, promoting disaster prevention and management efforts.

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“…Moreover, it is consolidated in the literature that beams in fire situations present larger deflections, however, there is no consensus regarding normal stresses and shear forces (Ding et al. , 2018) (de Silva et al. , 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the TRF of reinforced concrete beams through thermal and thermostructural analysis

Nicoletti

Oliveira

Souza

et al. 2023

JSFE

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PurposeIn the analysis of structures in a fire situation by simplified and analytical methods, one assumption is that the fire resistance time is greater than or equal to the required fire resistance time. Among the methodologies involving the fire resistance time, the most used is the tabular method, which associates fire resistance time values to structural elements based on minimum dimensions of the cross section. The tabular method is widely accepted by the technical-scientific community due to the fact that it is safe and practical. However, its main criticism is that it results in lower fire resistance times than advanced thermal and thermostructural analysis methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fire resistance time of reinforced concrete beams and compare it with the required fire resistance time recommended by the tabular method of NBR 15200 (ABNT, 2012).Design/methodology/approachThe fire resistance time and required fire resistance time of reinforced concrete beams were evaluated using, respectively, numerical models developed based on the finite element method and the tabular method of NBR 15200 (ABNT, 2012). The influence of the following parameters was investigated: longitudinal reinforcement cover, characteristic compressive strength of concrete, beam height, longitudinal reinforcement area and arrangement of steel bars.FindingsAmong the evaluated parameters, the covering of the longitudinal reinforcement proved to be more relevant for the fire resistance time, justifying that the tabular method of NBR 15200 (ABNT, 2012) being strongly and directly influenced by this parameter. In turn, more resistant concretes, higher beams and higher steel grades have lower fire resistance time values. This is because beams in these conditions have greater resistance capacity at room temperature and, consequently, are subject to external stresses of greater magnitude. In some cases, the fire resistance time was even lower than the required fire resistance time prescribed by NBR 15200 (ABNT, 2012). Both the fire resistance time and the required fire resistance time were not influenced by the arrangement of the longitudinal reinforcements.Originality/valueThe present paper innovates by demonstrating the influence of other important design variables on the required fire resistance time of the NBR 15200 (ABNT, 2012). Among several conclusions, it was found that the load level to which the structural elements are subjected considerably affects their fire resistance time. For this reason, it was recommended that the methods for calculating the required fire resistance time consider the load level. In addition, the article quantifies the security degree of the tabular method and exposes some situations for which the tabular method proved to be unsafe. Moreover, in all the models analyzed, the relationship between the span and the vertical deflection associated with the failure of the beams in a fire situation was determined. With this, a span over average deflection relationship was presented in which beams in fire situations fail.

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Finite Element Modelling for Structural Performance of Slim Floors in Fire and Influence of Protection Materials

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Intumescent Coatings for Fire Resistance of Steel Structures: Current Approaches for Qualification and Design

Intumescent Coatings for Fire Resistance of Steel Structures: Current Approaches for Qualification and Design

Common incidents and prevention of urban water supply pipeline accidents

Evaluation of the TRF of reinforced concrete beams through thermal and thermostructural analysis

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