Finite element models of friction behaviour in linear friction welding of a Ni-based superalloy

Thermomechanical modelling for the linear friction welding process of Ni-based superalloy and verification

“…where T 0 x, y, z ð Þ is the initial temperature function. The initial (reference) temperature is defined as room temperature, 25 C. Temperature dependencies of these defined parameters were obtained from reports 50,52 as shown in Figure 2. The fraction of heat energy dissipated is split equally between the contacting surfaces at the weld interface.…”

“…To date, there is little work done on 3D modelling of LFW and much fewer publications on 3D modelling of the LFW of IN718 superalloy. 27,44,48,[50][51][52][53][54] In this paper, the 3D computational modelling approach was investigated using a high-performance computing platform to accurately predict the influence of welding process parameters on heat transfer and deformation of the weld during LFW.…”

“…Previous process parameter simulations of LFW of Inconel 718 (IN718) nickel-based superalloy have focused on heat transfer and deformation of weld; 44,50,52,53 however, to date, a systematically derived and visible process window has not been published, to the best of the author's knowledge. Thus, the motivation for this work is the production of such an industry suitable process window guide for LFW for IN718 nickel-based superalloy.…”

Friction welding of austenitic steel fasteners

“…In general, the theoretical foundations of friction welding have been developed [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Friction welding occurs in a solid state when exposed to heat generated by friction of the surfaces of the welded product.…”

“…After forging, natural cooling of the welded joint occurs. One of the most important advantages of the friction welding method is the high quality of the resulting welded joints [6][7][8][11][12][13][14][15]. The quality of the welded joint made by friction welding depends on the completeness of the processes occurring on the contact surfaces: removal of contaminants; wear and tear of oxide films, as well as nearsurface layers of workpieces; plastic flow of metal; hardening and softening of surface layers; rapid heating and cooling, causing structural -phase transformations; mass transfer of metal from one workpiece to another and the formation between the contact surfaces of solid "wedges" formed from cut microroughnesses and tending to grow due to metal transfer [14][15].…”